Quantum Gravity and Discrete Space-Time-MatterAttention! The theory, proposed here, does not coincide
to the general adopted views in modern physics. You will see here a very approximate explanation of the quantum gravity "kitchen". It is supposed in this work that in the smallest vicinity of every space-time point there is a huge quantity of inertial frames of reference (IFR). We suppose here that IFRs are real, or we connect every space line with certain IFR. Consequently, there is no infinity of IFR. If we draw a single line in three-dimensional space, then we must imagine 2N lines situated on this single line. Every two neighboring lines in this bundle of lines move relatively each other with the quantum of velocity v0. The third IFR will move relatively the first IFR with the velocity 2v0. Strictly speaking, we have no rights to add the coordinate velocities, as we had done now. The coordinate velocity has not the property of additivity. But rapidity has such property: vy=vy1+vy2. The analyses had showed that we must quantify another type of velocity, - the quantable velocity, vq. The essence of these four types of velocities is cleared at the pages Some Questions of SR. Here we will make an approximate geometric analyses and we will not pay attention on the type of velocity. Taking into account the upper notes we can say -the top line in the picture has the velocity c=N*v0 to the right, the bottom line has the velocity -c to the left side.
In this picture we can see 2N=2*3.09*1020 parallel lines, laying on a single line in the three dimensional space, and which go through of massive object, which is hot inside. We must also imagine two another bundles of lines perpendicular to shown on the picture. Every known stabile elementary particle is a set of two or three defective (absent or extra) links in the lattice. They are moving in circles, embracing such bundles of lines and are materialized as a particle at joining points. The act of materialization we'll name "flash". If flashes occur on one and the same line, IFR, then the particle is in the state of rests in this line. When two successive flashes occur on different lines, then we observe an acceleration, or transition of a particle from one energetic level into another, or transition from one line, IFR, into another line. In the picture the particles are shown as green points. Most of them have small velocities, and we can see them near the central line on the picture. Particles inside of the hot object have larger relative velocities, and we can see them on the top and bottom lines. We supposed that top lines and correspondingly the particles lying (or flashing) on them move to the right; and bottom lines move to the left. The red line corresponds to the state of rest of distant observer. From the left side of the object we can see more lines over the red line, and smaller quantity of lines beneath the red line. That means that from the point of view of a distant observer there are more lines going into object then going out from the object. The phenomenon of gravity is explained here thus: Between two successive flashes, the links rotate on the circumferences, and embrace different quantity of top and bottom lines. Consequently, the next flash will occur near another line. That means the act of acceleration from our point of view; but from the point of view of particle it will be simple not-visible transition from one line of rest into another line of rest. Every defective link-particle from 4d space, constituting the elementary particle in 3d space, move in such circumference, that inside that circumference there are 2N lines simultaneously. Elementary particle "did not see" the absence of a line from the right or left side. Quite ordinary, that in the end of one revolve the link's trajectories must embrace 2*N lines, and if, suppose, there is no one line from the left or right side, then particle's flash will occur on one level upper or one level bottom relatively the initial line. This new line, IFR, moves to the right or to the left side with the velocity equal to v0=c/N. This means that particle changed its velocity on one minimal step, quantum. It is clear that all particles will have acceleration to the object, as a result of successive transition from one line to another. Now we'll change the imagination to more complex and more precise form. We must unite circumferences of link-particles and bundles of embraced lines, and as a result, we must come closer to the 4-dimensional (or may be N-dimensional) quasi-closed symmetrical lattice. We draw on the plane 2N lines in such way that they form 2N polygon, but the start point of this polygon and the finish point do not coincide in 4d space on one link along the 4-th coordinate, and do not coincide in 3d space on one time flash. Moreover these lines, forming the local polygon, are also not straight lines, and form the 2N polygons in the closed Universe. In the lattice these two types of polygons are equivalent. We are macroscopic observers, and as a result, from our point of view the mega and micro polygons are different and more the micro-polygons carry different types of particles. But in 4d space the different polygons are equivalent. These polygons we'll name the quasi-closed circumferences. Now we have on the plane 2N lines, every one of which moves with the velocity of light, but if we draw the axis on the plane, then we'll receive the set of projections on the axis with the set of velocities as earlier. The type of observed elementary particle depends of the angles, which are formed by particle’s circumferences in 4d space to ours coordinate axes. In the times of links joining into proton, neutron, electron, (neutrino), their circumferences are projected into our space not into a continuous lines but into two flashes. (In the space-time the projections are also quasi-circumferences. But in this case the observer must follow behind several constituent parts of a single observed particle simultaneously.) The more distance is between the points of flashes, - the more velocity of observed particles. Photons and gravitons lie on the single scale of fluctuations. Photon has the frequency more than n0. Graviton has the frequency smaller than n0. This frequency we will name the boundary frequency, and it is equal to 734 Hz. The maximum possible frequency in the lattice corresponds to the stabile particle - proton. The minimum possible frequency corresponds to the Hubble constant, which supposed in this work to be the angular velocity of light. (Particles, which are more massive than proton, are composite or non-stable). Boundary frequency are defined through: n0=sqr(Hnpr). Let's write the frequencies with the help of N: npr=n0N (1) H=n0/N (2) N=sqr(npr/H) (3) Quasi-closed circumference is shown on the bottom figure.
Green points on this picture are galaxies. The red line corresponds to the state of rest of our own Galaxy. Another galaxies are situated in different lines and observers from our Galaxy will see expansion of Universe. But if we remember the absorption (annihilation) of the lines then we'll understand that expansion is constantly compensated by reduction. In this picture we can see as some lines disappear and some lines appear. The average distance between appearances (disappearances) of lines is defined through: l0 = c/n0 = 408 kilometers. At the picture the quantum alteration of velocity (turn in space-time) at the distance l0 is also shown. v0=Hl0=c/N= 9.7*10-13 m/s (4) v=Hnl0=cn/N. (5) The physical meaning of Hubble constantIt is clear that light makes 4-dimensional rotation. One full rotation needs the time t=1/H. Then velocity of light can be presented as angular velocity measured in radians per second, (rad/s), or as the number of rotations per unit of time (rot/s). It is the Hubble constant. Velocities of light in (m/s), (rot/s), (rad/s), (rad/m), (m/rad):
In Normalized Units, or in flashes, denoted by !:
Volume of the Universe, and the cosmology constant.Three-dimensional volume of closed Universe with non identical opposite points can be find with the help of: V=2p2R3. (16) (V=p2R3 - with identical opposite points.) Substituting (9) in (16), and then (14) in (16), we'll receive the volume of closed Universe in meters, and in normalized units:
The Universe doesn't expand and don't contract. Massive bodies absorb the space at the sphere of their influence and consume the energy of space. The quantity of swallowed space is equal to the quantity of newborn space. Nevertheless the new space appears mostly in the intergalactic space and disappears mostly near or inside of the massive objects. Let's describe the expansion of intergalactic space. We have two points A and B at the distance L. The point B moves away from the point A with velocity: v1=HL. After the period of time dt, the point B will move away from point A at the distance: L+dL. Here it will have velocity v2=H(L+dL). The change of velocity will be dv=v2-v1=H(L+dL)-HL=HdL. After dividing the last by dt, we'll receive the acceleration of expansion a=dv/dt=H*dL/dt=H*v1=H*HL=H2L. From the other hand we can write the Newtonian acceleration as: a=4/3*pGrL. The value 4/3*pGr/c2, is named as cosmology coefficient L. If we equal the Newtonian and cosmology accelerations we'll receive another expression for L.
The critical density of matter in the Universe we shall receive, by equating the escape velocity from a surface of some sphere with the radius L, to the velocity of expansion of space. This is correct if we want that the splits of a Big Grenade never condensate together again. vescape = vHubble sqr(2GM/L) = HR, M= (4/3)pL3rm rc = 3H2 / 8pG. (20) The way to receive the real density is shown on the page Alpha Method, where we had received: r = rc * W. (21) r = 3H2 / (8pG) * ((8/3)a)1/2. (22) r = H2/(pG) * ((3/8)a)1/2. (23) Knowing the volume of the Universe and its density, we shall receive its mass: MU= rVU, (24) The number N and the forces unification.N describes:
The number NM is connected with N, used in this work, by simple relation NM= sqr(24/a/p)N. Now I'll rewrite Manfred's relations using N, and we'll be able to see how masses of electron and proton are interlaced, how gravity and electromagnetic interactions are interwoven, how microworld and macroworld have united: Electron mass: mel=sqr(hc/2G)a/N, (25) The same through H and mpr: mel=hasqr(H/(Gmprc)), (26) Specific charge of an electron: e/mel=2Nsqr(e0G/a) (27) N=sqr(apdfe-e), (28) were dfe-e - electro to gravity forces ratio for two electrons. The further analysis has shown, that the number N, used here, is proportional to a root square of ND, the hypothetical large number of P.A.M. Dirac. We received it. It is the main quantum characteristic of the lattice of space-time-matter of the Universe. But the most interesting formulas, uniting different interactions are the following: aGU = agravity = astrong = aweak = (8/3)ael-magn. (29) lclass/lBohr=lBohr/lCompton=lCompton/(lRydberg/2)=(8/3)(plScharzschild/lHubble)2=a, The connection Schwarzschild/Hubble here reminds the connection
between the classical radius and the Tomson cross section: 1/G' = Exp(a+1/a), (The Earth's Core Is Overheated Emptiness) To index of Space Genetics, This page was made: 10 June 1998. Ivan Gorelik: Curriculum vitae, e-mail.
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Extremely urgent note, 2009. Attention! Magnetic trap of Devil!There is a very big probability that magnetic trap will kill us all, if we will not stop powerful colliders. Magnetic trap is an object, unifying hypothetical objects, connected primarily by magnetic forces: neutron drop / liquid; neutron hole; magnetic hole ... It is probable that the microscopic magnetic trap can be created at the collider. Magnetic trap will grow capturing the normal substance. As a result, magnetic trap can destroy the Earth. Magnetic hole is a magnetic analog of the black hole. The black hole is bounded by gravitational forces, and the magnetic hole is bounded by magnetic forces, which are many-many times stronger than gravity forces. Magnetic hole is a magnetic dipole, in the form of a circle, where there is the critical magnetic field. The lines of magnetic induction are directed perpendicular to the plane of the circle. Nucleons are microscopic magnets, and they can be easily captured by the critical field of the hole. As a result the hole is growing. The approximate computation shows that the minimal possible magnetic hole, which can capture a nucleon, has a mass slightly more than one thousand masses of nucleons. The Tevatron collider is now working near this region (1 TeV). The Large Hadron Collider (LHC) will be able to create the particles with the rest mass, which are seven times more that the minimal possible mass of magnetic hole. According to publications, LHC will create microscopic black holes. Most theorists suggest that these black holes will disappear, because of the Hawking evaporation. However, we know that there are several theories of gravity. Some theories did not even admit the existence of black holes. In addition, there are several theories of black holes. Therefore, confidence in the classical theory of black holes and in a process of evaporation of black holes is very poor. For several years, some scientists argue and demand to ban the construction of powerful colliders. Among the known dangerous objects that may lead to global catastrophe are the following: microscopic black holes, strangelets, magnetic monopoles, vacuum bubbles. I learned about these disputes and concerns only in early September 2008. And then I immediately noticed that the objects, bounded by magnetic forces, were almost not analyzed. In early September, I assumed that the probability of a global catastrophe is less than 0.000001. However, after three months of analysis of the objects, bounded by magnetic forces, and after the analysis of space observations, my assessment of the global disaster has surpassed dozens of percents. Some theorists suggest that the Higgs bosons will be registered at the LHC. And, if these particles will not been found, the theorists would be very surprised; - this would prove that the Standard Model is wrong. Higgs boson had received a new name, "the God particle". We know that the most of particles have their corresponding antiparticles. So, if there is a particle of God, then there is a particle of Devil. Two colliding particles can give two more massive particles, - the particle and its antiparticle, for example, an electron and positron. By adding the colliding energy, we can get the God particle and its anti-particle, the magnetic trap of Devil. Particles and antiparticles have diametrically opposed properties. Indeed, the Higgs boson causes the ordinary matter to have a mass. But the magnetic hole captures the substance and transforms its rest mass-energy into another form of matter, - the magnetic field of the Devil's trap. Say me now, are we have the right to touch the particle of God? Microscopic magnetic holes created at the collider, will move to the center of the Earth, absorbing the matter in their path. Eventually they will merge together into a single and much stronger magnetic hole. The thin shell of the Earth, together with us, will be ejected into cosmic space, but the rest of the Earth will turn into an electric current loop of several meters radius. For comparison, the radius of a black hole of the same mass is 9 millimeters. Half of Earth’s mass will be transformed into magnetic field of neutron hole, and another half will be transformed into radiation and kinetic energy of the released shell. Magnetic hole will not decay if it was born in such cold place, as the collider, where the temperature is close to 0 K. If the magnetic hole is born in a collision of space particle with atmospheric particle, it has a speed, which is close to the speed of light. As a result, such magnetic hole will evaporate almost immediately as a result of energetic collisions with atmospheric particles. Such evaporating magnetic hole will form a cosmic-ray particle shower. Such showers are observable. Huge magnetic holes are also observable is cosmos.
In the remnants of supernova SN 1987A we can see a system of rings, which remind us the magnetic hole. It is possible that this magnetic hole is decaying now. It seems as if these rings embrace a hyperboloid. And now look at the electron, moving along two hyperboles in coordinates x, ict, in my electron model program. Each electron crosses the entire Universe in a period of time, which is equal to the classical period of the electron. This paradoxical conclusion is the consequence of the Special Relativity Theory. The ring structure of SN 1987A and our electron model have common visible properties. The Earth and the Sun can be turned into the same ring structure. Magnetic collapse is much more rapid than the gravity collapse. At the process of magnetic collapse the nucleon turns such, that its magnetic dipole moment becomes parallel to the magnetic dipole moment of a trap. Gravity collapse needs displacing of a matter inside the Schwarzschild radius. The time interval of neutrino registration at neutrino observatories had proved the reality of magnetic collapse of dying stars. Particle's collision energies and bombs: Several eV - chemical bomb; Chemical bomb is accompanied by the change of chemical
structure of matter. Scientific crime.Only crazy people can try to create the particles with the rest mass, more than 1000 nucleon masses. It is very possible that in the region from 1000 to 7000 aum, hundreds types of particles and resonances can be created. It is clear, that the most of them will decay. But some of them will grow, capturing the ordinary matter. Academician Migdal wrote 30 years ago about pion condensation in the strong fields. As a result he had come to conclusion that neutron stars can have any masses. My approximate computation also shows that the minimal possible neutron star can have a mass, about one thousand of nucleon masses. Such embryo of neutron star can by made in collider. Not long ago the new strange unexpected particle was discovered at the Tevatron collider. It decays at several muons, up to eight units. Somebody had already named it the Halloween particle. I named it the muon hole. What will be made the next? The magnetic trap of Devil? It will not decay, but it will transform us into its magnetic field. Majority of contemporary physicists imagine quark-gluon plasma as a suck with peas. That is a very dangerous imagination. Particles are not points with labels, where their quantum properties were written. Particles are not the material essences, independent of space-time; they are just space-time elements, strings. Dear reader, the situation is extremely serious. The physics now is in the deep crisis. Theorists, in order to save their religious Big Bang theory, invented “the dark energy" as a new either. They want now to test their wretched theories at the powerful Large Hadron Collider. Those persons, with high ranks and high scientific degrees, who cry about the safety of LHC, had already made a crime now. The LHC was launched despite the fact that there were court trials. The Earth could be exploded the 21 of September 2008, but the accident, which had happened two days earlier, had saved us. Scientists-criminals must be punished. But they continue to lie about the safety of the LHC, and are preparing the global terrorist crime now. Dear reader! Big Bang adherents can lead the Earth to the utter destruction. Particle collisions with the energy more then 1 TeV must be prohibited by the international law. The science must be cleared from the Big Bang delusion. Big-bangers want to touch the particle of God, but thus, they lead us into the magnetic trap of Devil. People, will you silently endure the massacre? Some documents and links. In November 2008, I arrived to Moscow in order to file a lawsuit against the Russian Academy of Sciences and against the most active propagandists/promoters of the LHC launch. Unfortunately, for lack of funds, I still (February 2009) can not to do it. In late November at the "meeting of four" there was decided to hear my report "What will LHC give us, the particle of God, or magnetic trap of Devil?" at a workshop in one of the leading institutions of Moscow. But later, I received a "retreat" from this institution In December, I sent the Letter to the President of Russia. In January, I received an answer in which it was stated that my letter was forwarded to the Russian Academy of Sciences. In December, I sent the Letters to the Prosecutors Office of the Russian Federation. Soon after, I received the answer stating that my letter "was sent for review in the prescribed manner". In the end of January I returned to Feodosia (Ukraine) and continued to inform about the risks of the global catastrophe. You can read some letters, which were send to the Google groups, - just click my Google-profile. Reproduction of biospheres and civilizations. Who are you, dear reader: "a cell of good reason", "a curiosity cell", or "thoughtless muscular cell"? Magnetic trap of Devil. Recent calculations show that it is not excluded that microscopic magnetic traps were already created, and they are growing now somewhere inside the Earth. Arguments, proving that "The LHC will lead to global catastrophe"; "Magnetic holes exist"; "We will not be able to prevent the LHC launch and the following global catastrophe". Religious and mystic arguments. Read the frequently updated page The end of Extremely urgent note, 2009. |
