THE VAUTOUR PAGES
THE VAUTOUR IN THE IAF SERVICE



THE SQUADRONS


1) The Vautours entered service with two squadrons:

- Sqn 110, Wing 1, Ramat David AFB
- Sqn. 119, AFB 8, Tel-Noff (Eqron) AFB.

2) Sqn. 110 operated the variants IIA and IIB , while Sqn. 119 operated the IINs together with the Meteors N.F.13.

3) The stored Vautours were transferred to the squadrons between April 7 to April 9, 1958, and became operational, ( after conversion and reaching a minimal combat capability), between May and August 1958.

4) In December 31, 1958 , the Vautours' inventory was:
- Sqn. 110: 20 ( 17 A and 3 B, one of them in repair).
- Sqn. 119: 12 ( 7 Vautour N and 5 Meteor N.F.13 ).
- Atotal of 27 active Vautours (plus one in repair).

5) Both sqadrons used Meteor trainers for conversion and proficiency training:
  • Sqn. 110 - flew Meteors of the neighbouring 117 sqn.
  • Sqn. 119 used Meteors T.7 / T.71/2 (loaned from Sqn. 117, according to needs, or on a shift basis) for instruments training, and Meteors N.F.13 for the crew proficiency training.



    Two Squadrons, Two Worlds

    Although both squadrons operated Vautours the differences between the two were immense, in many and varied aspects. Their different missions and the "acting figures" caused the squadrons to develop as separate entities. As one can identify so many years after the events - the two seemed to be two worlds, each with its own atmosphere, heritage and friendships. In a way - including the Vautours' service in one "container" is unjust. Only some time after the merge, end of 1963, a unified "family" had been created.




    SQN. # 110

    Nickname: "Knights of the North Squadron" (originally: "Knights of the Heart").
    • First established: August 1952, Hatzor AFB, with Mosquitos.
    • Aircraft:
      1. Mosquito : October 1952 - mid. 1956.
      * Re-established 25/10/56, just before the Sinai Campaign, and finally disbanded January 1957.
      2. Vautour : Re-established, officially - October 1957.
      a. The 13 stored Vautour IIA were ferried to the squadron in April 1958.
      b. Subtype A served from April 1958 to late 1971.
      c. Subtype B/BR servrd from the beginning of 1959 to (the sole, last a/c) April 1972.
      d. Subtype N (transferred from squadron 119, end of July 1963), served till late 1971.
      - ( one N possibly served till mid. 1972 )
      e. From 1971 - reduced to a flight of active Vautours , within the Skyhawk 110 Sqn.
      f. A part were stored during 1970. The last were ferried to Sinai, to become decoys - March 1972.
      3. Meteor between 1964 - 1970, F.8/9 & T.7/7.5 subtypes, as an OTU detachment.
      4. A-4H/E Skyhawk : from August 1970. {at first as a Skyhawk detachment, and from beginning of 1971 as a Skyhawk squadron with a Vautour detachment)

    1) Conversion courses to Vautour began in the squadron already in April 1958 (including also pilots of sqn. 119, from August that year).

    2) Sqn. 110, with its two Vautour variants began combat missions as early as 1959 (PR sorties) and, starting 1962 carrying out ground attacks, during the events of the "war on the water sources", with Syria.

    3) In July 1963 the few Vautour N of Sqn. 119 joined, and the combined force developed attacks with formations led by two-seaters. Preparations for "Moked" became the main training subject since 1964.

    4) During 1964 to 1967 the Vautours of Sqn. 110 became highly effective, by putting an end to the Syrian attempts to divert the Jordan river sources.

    5) A special contribution to the IDF intelligence was rendered by the long range photo sorties. These exceptional missions began in 1960, and became a central information source for the scheduled attacks according to the "Moked" order.

    6) Squadron 110 achieved full incorporation of all the Vautour's combat capabilities and the skills of its crews (aircrew and ground crews). That is how so few aircraft fulfilled so successfully varied tasks and supplied the IAF with the "long-arm".


    7) Squadron 110 fought gloriously in the Six Days War. At "T" time, morning of June 5, 1967 its strength consisted 18 serviceable aircraft and 32 crewmen. The Vautours performed more than 230 sorties during the 6 days of combat.

    8) Sqn. 110 continued to operate the Vautours during after-war operations and The War of Attrition (March 1969-August 1970). Although the nature of these (mainly close support and short-range attacks) was changed, the amount of operational sorties was at least equal to all the operational sorties performed till, and during the SDW.

    9) The squadron began conversion to Skyhawks in August 1970, operating in parallel Vautours and a detachment of Skyhawks. (In 1970 the last Meteors also phased out).

    10) When the squadron became operational with the Skyhawks, a Vautour detachment remained active till mid. 1971.

    11) A part of the Vautours were withdrawn and stored, a "Farewell Ceremony" took place in mid. 1971. In March 1972, some ten, in flight condition, were flown to two Sinai air-bases to become "realistic" decoys. (Three PR/ECM aircraft, BR-33, N-66 and N-70 served till April 1972, to fill the gap till the the RF-4E Phantoms would enter into service).



    The Squadron Commanders:
    1. Major Somekh Yehezkel: {officially) from October 1957 to November 30, 1959.
      1. Y. Somekh was the last commander of the sqn. operating Mosquitos.
      2. From February 1957 he was involved in conversion, test flights, ferries and developing of doctrine. He, undoubtedly, was one of the main figures responsible for the Vautour's success in service.
      * Vice commanders of Somekh: Y, Agassi, S. Ash.
    2. Major Agassi Yaakov: November 30, 1959 - July 31, 1963.
      1. Y. Agassi, given the nickname "Yaankale, the man of the Vautour", served as deputy of Somekh from the start, and he is responsible for a huge array of activities the Vautours had untertaken during those years.
      2. He himself participated in many daring missions, and under his command grew the first "generation" of the Six Days War crewmen.
      3. Agassi is considered as a "Walking Encyclopedia" regarding the Vautour. {The author was frequently advised:"....About this or that... Ask Agassi...!"}.
      * Vice commanders of Agassi: R. Har-el, Y. Sarig.
    3. Major Nachman Ovadia: July 31, 1963 - August 31, 1964.
      1. Ovadia Nachman was the last commander of Sqn. 119 squadron with Vautour N. he was assigned the commander of the unified Vautours force.
      2. During his period began the "N" variant became a day fighter-bomber, leading/navigating attack formations.
      * Vice commanders of Nachman: Y. Shachar, M. Saar .
    4. Major Sarig (Shpitzer) Yosef (Yossi): August 31, 1964 - 31 july 1965.
      1. Y. Sarig participated, during earlier years, as well as in the post of commander, in many daring sorties, mainly photo-recce missions. Training and developing of the attack doctrine continued under his command.
      2. In November 1964 Sarig led the first effective attacks of the Vautours, against Syrian posts and installations.
      * Vice commanders of Sarig: M. Saar, S. Keren .
    5. Major Zur Levi : July 31, 1965 - August 31, 1967.
      1. L. Tzur led the squdron's preparations for the Six Days War.
      2. "Polishing" tactics, first EW sorties and more intelligence gathering, as military conflict had been envisaged "before 1968", were perormed, and even hastened, during his period.
      3. Several events, in which the Vautours attacked Syrian forces and positions, occurred during his period, these contribuyed much to the end of "The War on the Water Sources".
      * Vice commanders of Zur:
      - S. Keren, I. Golan-Glantz.
      - From 7-6-67 (the day both vice commanders didn't return from their missions): Y. Gal, as a single vice commander.
    6. Major Terner Yaakov : September 1st, 1967 - August 1st, 1969.
      1. Under Y. Terner's command the squadron changed its missions, as the Skyhawks became the main attacking aircraft. Nevertheless - the Vautours performed many combat sorties, in Egypt (the War Of Attrition) and against terrorist camps in all fronts.
      2. During his period a new and young generation of Vautour crewmen had been trained. Most of the former Vautour crewmen either became the nucleus of the Phantoms' (as the only to be trained in crew cooperation, pilot and systems-operator) or continued their carreer as Mirage pilots.
      3. Terner was the initiator to name individual Vautours by nicknames, these were painted on 18 Vautours fuselage, including two "newcomers" and one refurbished.
      * Vice commanders of Terner: Y. Gal, N. Porat, H. Bodinger.
    7. Lt. Col. Yeshurun Mordechai : August 1969 - March 1972.
      1. M. Yeshurun was the last commander of the Vautours. He personally transferred several Vautours to Sinai airbases - their last flight to rest.
      2. Beginning August 1970 he was in charge of the squadrons conversion to Skyhawks.
      3.* Vice commanders of Yeshurun: H. Bodinger, G. Goren
      4. The Vautour detachment commander was G. Goren.


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    SQN. # 119
    Nickname: "The Bat Squadron"
    {Badge and Motto "By day, by night, through haze and fog", created by Yoash Tsiddon}
    • First established: September 1956, Ramat David AFB.
      * "The squadrons day" was celebrated October 14 each year, till 1962.
    • Aircraft:
      1. Meteor N.F.13 : September 1956 - July 1963.
      * { Deployed to Tel-Noff for the Sinai Campaign and remained there afterwards }.
      2. Vautour N : June 1958 - till July 1963.
      * ( Together with the Meteors' NF.13 detachment )
      3. Disbanded July 1963, Vautours transferred to Sqn. 110.
      * (The four Night Meteors were retired, one was delivered for tests at the IAI)
      3. Reformed as the last (third) Mirage squadron, March 1964.

    1) The first pilots of sqn. 119 to fly Vautours were Y. Tsiddon and E. Aharon, with the navigators E. Brosh and I. Erez (the two pilots ferried together 10 Vautours, and the two navigators assisted in 6 ferry flights). Only these two teams passed a full conversion in France.

    2)The squadron began its crew conversion courses late 1958. Four pilots were trained, during August and September 1958, in Sqn. 110.

    3) Navigation and fighting-team training took place partially in France (3 groups of navigators) and in the squadron.

    4) It is important to add that the squadron was, since 1955, the foundation for the all- weather interception doctrine. Till all the Vautour N became operational, both types were in alert, since they had solely the potential to deter penetrating Il-28, which used to photo Israeli targets from high altitudes. The Meteors were later used for training team work, before conversion to Vautour, but retained also the night intercept role.

    4) Sqn. 119 was the "breeding habitat" for the IAF modern combat navigators, developing the doctrine of two crewmen operating as a team.
    These crewmen, together with the "B" navigators of Sqn. 110, became the nucleus for the Phantom system-operators. (And - the line went further, to the contemporary F-16D and the F-15 B/D/I ).

    5) In July 1963 the N aircraft were transferred to Sqn,110. The first flight of a IIN in sqn. 110 took place on July 21, 1963. At that time the four remaining Meteors N.F.13 were withdrawn from service.

    The Squadron Commanders:
    1. Major Chatto-Tsiddon Yoash
      * In 1955 he was ordered to establish a jet all-weather "section" (research, doctrine and aircraft. Studied the basics of all-weather interception in Britain.
      * Founder and commander of the squadron ( with Meteors N.F.13), September 1956.
      * Commander of the squadron, in continuation, till July 31, 1959 (Vautour N and Meteors N.F.13)
      - Y. Tsiddon is considered "The father of the Vautour" in the IAF.
      - Y. Tsiddon also imprinted most significant milestones in the development of the IAF.
      Vice commanders of Tsiddon:
      - E. Aharon (from the beginning of the Meteor N.F. 13 period), and later, after returning from France, the commander of the Vautour N detachment, April 1958 - October 1958.
      - A. Tsivoni, after his conversion to Vautour, became vice commander, and held this post between October 1958 to July 1959.
      - O. Erez was actually in charge of the squadron when Tsiddon and Aharon were in France, and, as an exceptional act (being a navigator), was also the commander of the Meteor N.F. 13 detachment from April 1958 till 1960.
    2. Major Tsivoni Adam : July 1959 - May 1962.
      A. Tzivoni studied the Vautour in sqn. 110, August 1958. he was promoted to the rank of Major before replacing Tsiddon, holding in parallel the post of instructor in the FTS.
      Together with Y. Tsiddon he developed the All-Weather combat doctrine.
      Vice commanders Tsivoni: E. Aharon, M. Livne
    3. Major Nachman Ovadia : May 1962 - July 1963.
      (and afterwards commander of Sqn. 110 , with the transfer of the Vautour N).
      Vice commanders of Nachman: Z. Sharon, S. Amiran


    Main sources: Vautour crewmen

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    This page was last updated: July 7, 2002