Jobs of the Past

Here is a list of most of the jobs your relatives may have had and the definitions of each.

 Job              Definition

Accomptant      Accountant

Almoner         Giver of charity to the needy

Amanuensis      Secretary or stenographer

Artificer       A soldier mechanic who does repairs

Bailie          Bailiff

Baxter          Baker

Bluestocking    Female writer

Boniface        Keeper of an inn

Brazier         One who works with brass

Brewster        Beer manufacturer

Brightsmith     Metal Worker

Burgonmaster    Mayor

Caulker         One who filled up cracks (in ships or windows or
                seems to make them watertight by using tar or 
                oakum-hem fiber produced by taking old ropes
                apart
Chaisemaker     Carriage maker

Chandler        Dealer or trader; one who makes or sells candles;
                retailer of groceries, ship supplier

Chiffonnier     Wig maker

Clark           Clerk

Clerk           Clergyman, cleric

Clicker         The servant of a salesman who stood at the
                door to invite customers; one who received the
                matter in the galley from the compositors and
                arranged it in due form ready for printing; one 
                who makes eyelet holes in  boots using a machine
                which clicked.

Cohen           Priest

Collier         Coal miner

Colporteur      Peddler of books

Cooper          One who makes or repairs vessels made of staves
                & hoops, such as casks, barrels, tubs, etc.

Cordwainer      Shoemaker, originally any leather worker using
                leather from  Cordova/Cordoba in Spain

Costermonger    Peddler of fruits and vegetables

Crocker         Potter

Crowner         Coroner

Currier         One who dresses the coat of a horse with a
                currycomb; one who tanned leather by
                incorporating oil or grease.

Docker          Stevedore, dock worker who loads and unloads 
                cargo

Dowser          One who finds water using a rod or witching stick

Draper          A dealer in dry goods

Drayman         One who drives a long strong cart without fixed
                sides for carrying heavy loads

Dresser         A surgeon's assistant in a hospital

Drover          One who drives cattle, sheep, etc. to market; a
                dealer in cattle

Duffer          Peddler

Factor Agent    commission merchant;  one who acts or transacts
                business for another; Scottish steward or
                bailiff of an estate

Farrier         A blacksmith, one who shoes horses

Faulkner        Falconer

Fell monger     One who removes hair or wool from hides in
                preparation for leather making

Fletcher        One who made bows and arrows

Fuller          One who fulls cloth; one who shrinks and
                thickens woolen cloth by  moistening, heating,
                and pressing; one who cleans and finishes cloth

Gaoler          A keeper of the goal, a jailer

Glazier         Window glassman

Hacker          Maker of hoes

Hatcheler       One who combed out or carded flax

Haymonger       Dealer in hay

Hayward         Keeper of fences

Higgler         Itinerant peddler

Hillier         Roof tiler

Hind            A farm laborer

Holster         A groom who took care of horses, often at an inn

Hooker          Reaper

Hooper          One who made hoops for casks and barrels

Huckster        Sells small wares

Husbandman      A farmer who cultivated the land

Jagger          Fish peddler

Journeyman      One who had served his apprenticeship and
                mastered his craft, not bound to serve a master,
                but hired by the day

Joyner/Joiner   A skilled carpenter

Keeler          Bargeman

Kempster        Wool comber

Lardner         Keeper of the cupboard

Lavender        Washer woman

Lederer         Leather maker

Leech           Physician

Longshoreman    Stevedore

Lormer          Maker of horse gear

Malender        Farmer

Maltster        Brewer

Manciple        A steward

Mason           Bricklayer

Mintmaster      One who issued local currency

Monger          Seller of goods (ale, fish)

Muleskinner     Teamster

Neatherder      Herds cows

Ordinary Keeper Innkeeper with fixed prices

Pattern Maker   A maker of a clog shod with an iron ring. A clog 
                was a wooden pole with a pattern cut into the
                end

Peregrinator    Itinerant wanderer

Peruker         A wig maker

Pettifogger     A shyster lawyer

Pigman          Crockery dealer

Plumber         One who applied sheet lead for roofing and set
                lead frames for plain or stained glass windows.

Porter          Door keeper

Puddler         Wrought iron worker

Quarrier        Quarry worker

Rigger          Hoist tackle worker

Ripper          Seller of fish

Roper           Maker of rope or nets

Saddler         One who makes, repairs or sells saddles or other
                furnishings for horses

Sawbones        Physician

Sawyer          One who saws; carpenter

Schumacker      Shoemaker

Scribler        A minor or worthless author

Scrivener       Professional or public copyist or writer; notary
                public

Scrutiner       Election judge

Shrieve         Sheriff

Slater          Roofer

Slopseller      Seller of ready-made clothes in a slop shop

Snobscat/Snob   One who repaired shoes

Sorter          Tailor

Spinster        A woman who spins or an unmarried woman

Spurrer         Maker of spurs

Squire          Country gentleman;  farm owner;  justice of peace

Stuff gown      Junior barrister

Stuff gownsman  Junior barrister

Supercargo      Officer on merchant ship who is in charge of
                cargo and the commercial concerns of the ship.

Tanner          One who tans (cures) animal hides into leather

Tapley          One who puts the tap in an ale cask

Tasker          Reaper

Teamster        One who drives a team for hauling

Thatcher        Roofer

Tide waiter     Customs inspector

Tinker          An itinerant tin pot and pan seller and repairman

Tipstaff        Policeman

Travers         Toll bridge collection

Tucker          Cleaner of cloth goods

Turner          A person who turns wood on a lathe into spindles

Victualer       A tavern keeper, or one who provides an army,
                navy, or ship with food

Vulcan          Blacksmith

Wagoner         Teamster not for hire

Wainwright      Wagon maker

Waiter          Customs officer or tide waiter; one who waited
                on the tide to collect duty on goods brought in.

Waterman        Boatman who plies for hire

Webster         Operator of looms

Wharfinger      Owner of a wharf

Wheelwright     One who made or repaired wheels; wheeled
                carriages, etc.

Whitesmith      Tinsmith; worker of iron who finishes or
                polishes the work

Whitewing       Street sweeper

Whitster        Bleach of cloth

Wright          Workman, especially a construction worker

Yeoman          Farmer who owns his own land
Back