²L½ÍÂå¥Î´åÂ÷¿ç®g¨¾Å@
|
³ü.«e¨¥
ÀHµÛ¬ì§Þ»P¸gÀÙªºµo®i,´åÂ÷¿ç®gªºÀ³¥Î¤é¼s,Á|¤ZÂå¡B¹A¡B¤u°Ó¡B¾Ç³Nµ¥µ¥¦U¬É¬Ò¦³¬Û·íµ{«×ªº¨Ï¥Î¡C¦Û±q©ñ®g½uµo²{¥H¨Ó,¦³Ãö©ñ®g½u¶Ë®`ªº³ø§i§¡Åã¥Ü©ñ®g½u¨ã¦³«Ü¤jªº±þ¶Ë¤O,¦]¦¹,§Ṳ́£±o¤£¹ï´åÂ÷¿ç®g¦³¤@°ò¥»ªº»{ÃÑ.¤×¨ä»P§ÚÌ°·±d®§®§¬ÛÃöªºÂå¥Î´åÂ÷¿ç®g¡C
|
|
¶L.°ò¥»»{ÃÑ
¤°»ò¬O´åÂ÷¿ç®g?²³æªº»¡´N¬O°ª¯à¿ç®g¡C®Ú¾Ú¦æ¬F°|ì¤l¯à©eû·|¤§´åÂ÷´T®g¨¾Å@¦w¥þ¼Ð·Ç²Ä¤T±ø²Ä¤T´Ú©Ò©w¸q[1]:"´å¿çÂ÷®g"[²ºÙ¿ç®g]:«üª½±µ©Î¶¡±µ¨Ïª«½è²£¥Í´åÂ÷§@¥Îªº¹qºÏ¿ç®g(¦pX®g½u¡B¥[°¨®g½u)©Î²É¤l¿ç®g(¦pªü¥ï¡B¨©¥L¡B¤¤¤l¡B°ª³t¹q¤l¡B°ª³t½è¤l¤Î¨ä¥L²É¤l¡C¦bÂåÀø¤W,§ÚÌ¥Dn¨Ï¥Îªº´åÂ÷¿ç®g¥]¬A:X®g½u(§YX¥ú)¡B¥[°¨®g½u¡Bªü¥ï¡B¨©¥L²É¤l¡B°ª³t¹q¤lµ¥µ¥,¨ä¤¤¥HX¥ú³ÌÅý¤H¼ô±x,¦P®É±µÄ²ªº¾÷·|¤]³Ì¦h,¦]¦¹¥»¤å§Y¥H©ñ®g¶EÂ_ªº¿ç®g¨¾Å@¬°¥Dn¤¶²Ð¤º®e¡C
|
|
°Ñ.¬°¦óX¥ú¥iÀ³¥Î©ó©ñ®g¶EÂ_¤W[2,3,4]?
ÂåÀø¤è±©Ò¨Ï¥ÎªºX¥ú,«Y¦bX¥úºÞ¤º¥Ñ³±·¥µo¥X³±·¥®g½u,³Q¥[³t¨Ï¨ä¼²À»¶§·¥(Âë¹v)¦Ó²£¥ÍX¥ú¡C¦b©ñ®g¶EÂ_®É[Ä´¦p:ÅéÀˮɩҷӪº¯Ý³¡X¥ú¡B¹q¸£Â_¼hX¥úÄá¼v¡B¨Å©ÐÄá¼v¡B®ø¤Æ¹DÄá¼v¡K¬Ò¬°©ñ®g¶EÂ_ªº½d³ò]X¥ú·|³q¹L¤HÅ餺ªº°©ÀY¡BªÅ®ð¡B²Õ´,¥Ñ©ó³o¨Çª«½èªº±K«×¤£¦P¹ï®g½uªº§l¦¬¤O¤£¤j¤@¼Ë,©Ò¥H¸g¥Ñ¤HÅé«á³z¥Xªº®g½u±j«×¤£¤@,¨Ï±oX¥ú³n¤ùªºªº·P¥ú±j«×¤£¦P, §Î¦¨«G«×¤£¦Pªº¹Ï¹³,¦p¦¹¥i¹F¨ì¶EÂ_¥Øªº¡C
|
|
¸v.¿ç®g¤Î¨ä¼vÅT
´åÂ÷¿ç®g¹ï¤HÅ鬰¦ó¦³®`[4]?¦p«e©Òz,,´åÂ÷¿ç®g¬°¨ã¦³°ª¯à¶qªº¹qºÏªi©Î¬O²É¤l,©Ò¥H¨ã¦³¬ï³z¤HÅé¤Î¦UºØª«½èªº¯S©Ê¡C¥t¤@¤è±,¤HÅé¤Î¦UºØª«½è³£¬O¥Hì¤lºc¦¨,·í¿ç®g³q¹Lª«½è®É,§â¦Û¤vªº¯à¶q¥æµ¹ºc¦¨ª«½èªºì¤l±µ¨ü¯à¶qªºì¤l«K·|¤Þ°_´åÂ÷©Î¿Eµoªºª«²z§@¥Î¡C´åÂ÷§@¥Î©Ò²£¥ÍªºÂ÷¤l©M¤HÅ餤ªº¤ô¤À¤l§@¥Î,Åܦ¨²B®ñ¦Û¥Ñ°ò(OH¡P),²B®ñ¦Û¥Ñ°ò(OH¡P)·|¶Ë®`²ÓM®Ö¤¤ªº¥h®ñ®Ö¿}®Ö»Ä(DNA),¦¹DNA¬O¥Ñ¤HÅé¥Í¦s¤£¥i©Î¯Ê¤§¦h¼Æ¿ò¶Ç¦]¤l©Òºc¦¨¡C¨ü²B®ñ¦Û¥Ñ°ò(OH¡P)¶Ë®`ªºDNA,¤j³¡¤À·|¦bµu®É¶¡¤º¦Û¦æ×´_,¦ý¦³¨Ç¨ü¶Ë®`ªºDNA,ÁÙ¥¼¸g×´_§Y¤w©T©w,©Î¦]×´_¿ù»~«áÅܦ¨¤£¥¿±`ªºDNA¡C
²ÓM¤ºY¦³¨ü·lªºDNA,·|¾ú¸g¤U¦C¹Lµ{:(1)DNAªº¨ü·l¹ï²ÓM¦Ó¨¥,Y¬OP©R¶Ë®`«h²ÓM±N¦º¤`¡C(2)YDNAªº¨ü·l¹ï²ÓM¦Ó¨¥¬°«DP©R¶Ë,²ÓM´N¯àÄ~Äò¤Àµõ¡C
¤HÅé¦UÓ²Õ´¡B¾¹©x¬O¥Ñ³\¦h²ÓM²Õ¦¨¡C·í¤HÅé¾D¨ü¨ì¤j¶qªº´T®gÃnÅS®É,«h²ÓM´N·|¦º¤`¡CY¬O¦h¼Æ°©Åè²ÓM¦º¤`,«h¥Õ¦å²y©M¦å¤pªO¼Æ´N·|´î¤Ö;Y¬O¥Í´Þ½u²ÓM¦º¤`,«h·|³y¦¨¤£¥¥¯g¡C·í¥Í´Þ²ÓMªºDNAµo¥Í«DP¦ºªº¶Ë®`®É,¥i¯à¹ï¿ò¶Ç²£¥Í¼vÅT,Y¬OÅé²ÓMªº¸Ü,«h¥i¯à¤Þ°_Àù¯g(cancer)¡C
µo¥Í¿ç®g¼vÅTªº¨Ó·½¬O²ÓM¤¤ªºDNA¨ü¶Ë,¦ý¦]¤HÅé¨ã¦³¤Wz©Ò»¡ªº×´_¯à¤O ,¤£·|°¨¤W¦bÁ{§É¤Wªí²{¥X¿ç®g¶Ë®`¡C
|
|
¥î.©ñ®g½u¶EÂ_¤§¨¾Å@
¯f¤H¤§¨¾Å@
¤@¯ë¨Ó»¡,¤Ö¶qªº©ñ®g½u,¹ï¤HÅ骺¶Ë®`¤´¦³ª§Ä³¡C¦bÂåÀø¤u§@¤W,ÁöµM¯f¤H¶EÀø®É©Ò¨üªº¿ç®g¾¯¶q¨Ã¨S¹³Â¾·~ÃnÅS©M¤@¯ë¥Á²³ÃnÅS¦³µÛªk«ß¤WªºÄY®æ³W©w,¦ý¦³®`¤§©ñ®g½u¤´¦³pµe¥B¨è·N¦a·Ó®g¤HÅé,¦]¦¹¦b¶i¦æ©ñ®g½u¶EÂ_©ÎªvÀø®É,ÂåÀø¤u§@¤HûÀ³§@¦n¼f·Vªº¦Ò¼{©M§PÂ_,¨Ì¯f¤Hªºª¬ªp¤£¦P,¦Ó¨M©w¯f¤H©ÒÀ³±µ¨üªºÃnÅS¶q¡C¥t¥~,¯f¤H¤]À³¸Ó¦³¥¿½TªºÆ[©À,¤£¥hn¨D¤£¥²nªºÃnÅS,¤£¥ô·NÂô¤J¦³"¿ç®g¥Üĵ¼Ð»x"[1]ªº°Ï°ì,¥B°ü¤k¦³Ãh¥¥©ÎÃh¥¥¥i¯à®É,À³¥D°Ê§iª¾ÂåÀø¤Hû,¦]©ñ®g½u¹ïFL¤ÎL¨àªº¶Ë®`¯S§O«n¡C
¤j³¡¥÷°Êª«ªºFLµo¨|,¥]¬A¤@¨Ç÷¨Å°Êª«,¹ï©ñ®g½u·î§Îªº»¤µo¬O°ª«×±Ó·Pªº¡C³o¨Ç²{¶Hªºµo¥Í¦b¨C¤@ÄÝ(genus)¤º¬Ò¦³¨ä½T©wªº¦MÀI´Á¡C¹ï¤H¦Ó¨¥,¦¹¦MÀI´Á¤j³¡¥÷«ê¦bÃh¥¥ªº²Ä¤G¨ì²Ä¤»¶g,·í¾¯¶q§C©ó10¨Úµ^¥i¯à´N¦³¶Ë®`,¶W¹L¦¹®É´Á,³o¼Ëªº¾¯¶q©Ò¾ÉPªº®ÄÀ³±N´î¤Ö©Î¬O©µ¿ð¡C¦ý¥i½T©wªº»¡,¦bÃh¥¥®É,À³ºÉ¶qÁקK¾D¨ü¨ì¿ç®gªºÃnÅS,¤×¨ä¦bÃh¥¥ªº«e¤T¶g§ó¬On¤£±¤¥ô¦ó¥N»ùÁקK[3]¡C
ÁöµM»¡©ñ®g½u·|¹ï¤HÅé²£¥Í³\¦h¿ç®g®ÄÀ³¦ý¬O°ò©óÂå¾Ç¤W¶EÀøªº¥Øªº,¤´¬O»Ýn§Q¥Î¨ì¥¦¡C¨Æ¹ê¤W,°£¤F©ñ®g½uªvÀø©Î©ñ®g½u¨Æ¬G¥~,¥®É§Ú̦b©ñ®g½u¶EÂ_©Î¤é±`¥Í¬¡¤¤©Ò¨ü¨ìªº©ñ®gÃnÅS¶q¤ñ¸û¤Ö,¦]¦¹°£¤Fª`·N¥i¯à¤ÞµoÀù¯g©Î¿ò¶Ç¦MÀIªº¼vÅT¥~,¨ä¥¦¦p²æ¤ò¡B¥Õ¤º»Ù¡B¤£¥¥µ¥¼vÅT,´X¥G¬O¤£¥²nªºÅU¼{[4]¡C
ÂåÀø¤Hûªº¨¾Å@
ÂåÀø¤Hû¥Ñ©ó¾·~¤Wªº»Ýn,±µÄ²©ñ®g½uªº¾÷·|¤ñ¤@¯ë¥Á²³°ª,¤×¨ä¬O©ñ®g¬ìÂå®v©M©ñ®g¬ì§Þ³N®v(©ñ®g®v),§óÀ³¯S§Oª`·N¿ç®g¨¾Å@¡C
¤@¯ë»¡¨Ó,ÂåÀø¤Hû©ó°õ¦æ©ñ®g½u¶E¹î®É,¬Ò¦b¨ã¦³¨}¦n«Ì½ªªº¾Þ±±«Ç¤§¤¤,¥un©w´Á§@¦n¿ç®g°»´ú,¦w¥þ¤è±À³¸Ó¬O¤£¶·ÅU¼{,¦ý¦b¤@¨Ç¯S®íÀˬd®É[¦p¦åºÞÄá¼v(Angiography)¡C¤j¸z¾X¾¯Äéª`Äá¼v(Barium enema)µ¥µ¥]»ÝÂåÀø¤Hû¦b©ñ®g½uÃnÅS°Ï¤U°õ¦æ,Y¤£ª`·N¨¾½d,«hªø´Á©Ò²Ö¿nªºÃnÅS¾¯¶q¬O·|¹ï¤HÅé²£¥Í¦M®`ªº®ÄÀ³,¦]¦¹,¨¾Å@ªº¤u§@¤£±o¤£¥[¥Hª`·N¡C
³q±`,¬ï¤W¦Ü¤Ö0.5mm¹]·í¶q«p«×[3]¤§¹]¦ç¬O³Ì±`¥Îªº¨¾Å@¤èªk,¦AÀ¹¤W©M¹]¤@¬Û¦P¹]·í¶q«pªº¹]¤â®M¡B¥Òª¬¸¢¹]¨¾Å@«Ì¡B¹]²´Ãè,©Î¬O¯¸¦bªþ¦³¹]©M¾ó¥Öªº¿Ã¥ú«Ì¤]¯à´î¤Ö©ñ®g½uªºÃnÅS.Âå®v©M©ñ®g®v¤§¨S¦³¨¾Å@ªº¤â«ü¡B©Î¤âÁuªº¥ô¦ó¤@³¡¥÷¤@©w¤£¯àª½±µÃnÅS©óì©l´T®g¤¤,¤d¸U¤£¥i¦]©È³Â·Ð©Î³x¯à¦Ó©¿µø³o¨Ç¨¾Å@¤u§@¡C
¥t¥~,¬°¹ï¤u§@¤Hû¤§ÃnÅS¾¯¶q¦³©Ò°O¿ý©MºÞ¨î,¨Ì³W©w±o¨Ø±a¿ç®g°»À˾¯¶qp(¦p©ñ®g¶EÂ_¤u§@¤Hû©Ò¨Ø±aªº¥ú¤l/¨©¥L¾¯¶q¨Ø³¹,¥Ø«e°ê¤º¦³ì¤l¯à©eû·|®Ö¯à¬ã¨s©Ò¡B²MµØ¤j¾Ç¡B¤¤µØ¥Á°ê¿ç®g¨¾Å@¨ó·|µ¥³æ¦ì´£¨Ñ¤Hû¿ç®g¾¯¶q¨Ø³¹ªA°È)¡CY¬O¾¯¶q¶W¹L¦w¥þ¨î(¨Ò¦p¶W¹L´åÂ÷¿ç®g¨¾Å@¦w¥þ¼Ð·Ç²Ä¤E±ø¤§¦~¾¯¶q«×ªº¨â¿®É[1]),À³¸Ó¥Ñ¦³Ãö¥DºÞ¤ÎÂå°È±M®a¤@°_µû¦ôÀË°Q¸Ó¤u§@¤Hû¬O§_¾A©óÄ~Äò±q¨Æ»P¿ç®g¦³Ãö¤u§@,¥H«OÅ@¤u§@¤Hû¦w¥þ¡C
¡@
Åé¥~ÃnÅS¨¾Å@
¡@
Åé¥~¿ç®g¬O«ü¥ÑÅé¥~·Ó®g©ó¨Å餧¿ç®g,¨ä©Ò³y¦¨ªºÃnÅSºÙ¬°Åé¥~ÃnÅS¡C¦¹ºØÃnÅS¤§¨¾Å@¦³¤U¦C¤TºØì«h[5]:
(1)®É¶¡:ÃnÅSªº®É¶¡¶Vµu,©Ò±µ¨üªº¾¯¶q¶V¤Ö¡C
(2)¶ZÂ÷:¿ç®g±j«×»P¶ZÂ÷ªº¥¤è¦¨¤Ï¤ñ,¶ZÂ÷¶V»·,¿ç®g±j«×¶V®z¡C
(3)«Ì½ª:ºÉ¶q§Q¥Î«Ì½ª¾B¾×¿ç®g,¨©¥L²É¤l©y¥Î¸û»´¤§ª«½è,¥[°¨¤ÎX®g
½u«h¥Î¹]µ¥«ª«½è¡C¤¤¤l¥H§t²B¦h¤§ª«½è(¤ô¡B¶ì½¦¡B¥Ûþµ¥)³Ì©y,ºÒ(¥Û¾¥)»P¤ôªd¥ç¬°±`¥ÎªÌ¡C
¡@
Å餺ÃnÅS¨¾Å@
¡@
Å餺¿ç®g¬O«ü¥Ñ«I¤J¤HÅ餺¤§©ñ®g©Êª«½è©Ò²£¥Í¤§¿ç®g,¨ä©Ò³y¦¨ªºÃnÅSºÙ¬°Å餺¿ç®g¡C¦¹ºØÃnÅS¤§¨¾Å@¦³¤U¦C¥|ì«h[5]:
- ÁקKÄá¤J:ÁקKÄá¤J¿ç®gª«½è¡C
- ´î¤Ö§l¦¬:¤@¥¹Äá¤J©Î¦³Äá¤Jªº¥i¯à,À³¤j¶qªA¥Î¤£§t©ñ®g©Ê¤§¦PÃþª«½è,¨Æ¥ý³y¦¨¹¡©M©Î¨R²H¨ä¿@«×¡C
- ¼W¥[±Æªn:¨Ï¥ÎÂmÃÄ¡Bµo¦½¾¯¡B¶Ê¦R¾¯©Î§Q§¿¾¯¡C
- ¨¾¤îº¢¯d:¨Ï¥ÎÃľ¯,¥]«Ê¿ç®gª«½è,¥H§K¬°²Õ´§l¦¬¡C
|
| ¡@
³°.µ²»y
"¤ô¯à¸ü¦à,¥ç¯àÂЦà",´åÂ÷¿ç®g»P§Ú̪º¥Í¬¡¶V¨Ó¶V¤£¥i¤À,ÁöµM¿ç®g¹ï¤HÅé°·±d¥i¯à³y¦¨§«®`,¦ý¬O¦b¥t¤@¤è±,¥¦¹ï¤HÃþ¦Ó¨¥¤]¦³³\¦h°^Äm,¤×¨ä¬O¦bÂåÀø¤Wªº§U¯q,§ó¬O¤£¥i¥[¥H©Ù·Ù¡C¦]¦¹,°ß¦³§Ú̼W¥[¹ï©ó³o¤è±ªº¬ã¨s,¥[±j¹ï¥¦ªº»{ÃÑ,¦n¦nÀ³¥Î¥¦,¨Ã§@¦n¨¾Å@¤u§@,¤~¯à¨¾¤î¤ÎÁקK¨ü¨ì¦M®`¡C¦p¦¹¤@¨Ó,¬Û«H´åÂ÷´T®g¹ï¤HÃþ¦Ó¨¥,¤@©w¬O§Q¦h©ó¹úªº¡C
|
|
¬m.°Ñ¦Ò¸ê®Æ
1."´åÂ÷¿ç®g¨¾Å@¦w¥þ¼Ð·Ç",¦æ¬F°|ì¤l¯à©eû·|¦L¦æ,¥Á°ê¤K¤Q¤»¦~(
¤K¤Q¦~¤C¤ëµo¥¬)¡C
2."´åÂ÷¿ç®g¨¾Å@",¯ÎÄ_¤sµ¥µÛ,´åÂ÷¿ç®g¨¾Å@°V½m¯Z±Ð§÷,¥Á°ê¤K¤Q¦~,
¤Gª©¡C
3."©ñ®g½uÄá¼v«º¶Õ¤Î¨ä¬ÛÃö¤§¸Ñå¾Ç",³\¥@©v¡B§fÀA·½½sĶ,·s¦Ë¾¤©ú
®Ñ§½¸g¾P,¥Á°ê¤C¤Q¤»¦~¤K¤ë¤Tª©¡C
4."Âå¥Î¿ç®g¨¾Å@¹ê°È",§ù¼yÂtµÛ,¤¤µØ¥Á°ê¿ç®g¨¾Å@¨ó·|¦L¦æ,¥Á°ê¤K¤Q
¤T¦~¤@¤ëªìª©¡C
5."»{ÃÑ¿ç®g¨¾Å@",¦æ¬F°|ì¤l¯à©eû·|®Ö¯à¬ã¨s©Ò½s¦L¡C
|
¡@
1998 © All rights reserved
Writed by Samuel at NPUST
¦^¤sùتº¤Hº¶