CHAPTER 3, CHEMISTRY OF ORGANIC MOLECULES QUIZ

_____1. Which of the following is Not one of the four most common elements found in living organisms?
a) hydrogen    b) oxygen     c) carbon     d) sulfur    d) nitrogen

_____2. Organic molecules are those that contain at least
a) carbon                                      c) carbon and oxygen
b) carbon and hydrogen                d)  carbon, oxygen, and hydrogen

_____3. What term is used for molecules that have identical molecular formulas but the atoms
in each molecule are arranged differently?
a) isotopes   b) isomer    c)  homomolecules      d) organic     e) balanced

4. Which is Not an isomer of the other three?
a) glucose    b) ribose    c)  fructose    d)  galactose

_____5. A polysaccharide is a polymer made up of which kind of monomers?
a) simple sugars
b) amino acids
c) nucleotides
d) alternating sugar and phosphate groups
e) fatty acids and glycerol

_____6. A lipid is a polymer made up of which kind of monomers?
glucose or modified glucose molecules
a) amino acids                                                     c) nucleotides
b) alternating sugar and phosphate groups            d) fatty acids and glycerol

_____7. A dehydration synthesis reaction is also known as
a) a condensation reaction
b) a hydrolysis reaction
c) an isomeric reaction
d) an energy releasing reaction
e) monomer formation

_____8. Which pair are both structural carbohydrate molecules?
a) starch and glycogen
b) starch and cellulose
c) glycogen and cellulose
d) cellulose and chitin
e) glycogen and chitin

_____9. Which carbohydrate is found in the cell walls of plants?
a) starch    b) chitin    c) cellulose    d) glycogen    e) glycerol

_____10. Which carbohydrate is used in the liver for energy storage?
a) starch    b) chitin    c) cellulose    d) glycogen    e) glycerol

_____11. Which carbohydrate is found in the exoskeleton of insects and crabs?
a) starch    b) chitin    c) cellulose    d) glycogen    e) glycerol

_____12. Which lipid does Not contain at least some subunits similar to those in the others?
a) steroids    b) neutral fats    c) waxes    d) phospholipids

_____13. Which of the following lipids form a bilayer between two watery regions, such
as the plasma membrane of a cell?
a) steroids    b) neutral fats    c) waxes    d) phospholipids

_____14. Cholesterol belongs to which of the following groups?
a) steroids    b) neutral fats    c) waxes    d) phospholipids

_____15. If an animal needed to store energy for long term use, but not be encumbered
with the weight of extra tissue, which is the best molecule for storage?
a) fructose and glucose in the form of honey
b) high calorie fat molecules
c) complex cellulose molecules
d) starch
e) glycogen with extensive side branches of glucose

_____16. A protein is a polymer made up of which kind of monomers?
a) glucose and modified glucose molecules
b) amino acids
c) nucleotides
d) alternating sugar and phosphate groups
e) fatty acids and glycerol

_____17. A peptide bond is found in which type of biological molecule?
a) carbohydrate    b) lipid    c) nucleic acid    d) protein

_____18. The alpha helix and beta sheet are found at which level of protein organization?
a) primary structure    b) secondary structure    c) tertiary structure    d) quaternary structure

_____19. A nucleic acid is a polymer made up of which kind of monomers?
a) amino acids
b) nucleotides
c) glucose or modified glucose molecules
d) alternating sugar and phosphate groups
e) fatty acids and glycerol

_____20. Which of these statements is Not true about DNA?
a) It is the genetic material of the cell.
b) It forms a double helix.
c) Adenine pairs with thymine and guanine pairs with cytosine.
d) It contains the sugar ribose.
e) The sugar and phosphate groups form the backbone of the molecule.

_____21. Which statement is true about RNA?
It contains adenine paired to thymine.
One of the bases from DNA is replaced by uracil.
It contains the sugar deoxyribose.
Its nucleotides contain twice as many phosphate groups as DNA's nucleotides.
It is a double stranded molecule.

_____22. Which of these is Not a characteristic of carbon?
a) forms four covalent bonds
b) bonds with itself
c) is sometimes ionic
d) forms long chains
e) sometimes shares two pairs of electrons with another atom

_____23. The difference between one amino acid and another is found in the
a) amino group    b) carboxyl group    c) R group    d) peptide bond   e) carbon atoms

_____24. The shape of a polypeptide is
a) maintain by bonding between parts of the polypeptide
b) important to its function
c) ultimately dependent upon the primary structure
d) necessary to its function
e) All of these are correct.

_____25. Nucleotides
a) contain a sugar, a nitrogen containing base, and a phosphate molecule
b) are the monomers for fats and polysaccharides
c) joined together by covalent bonding between bases
d) are present in both DNA and RNA
e) Both a and d are correct.

_____26. ATP
a) is an amino acid
b) has a helical structure
c) is a high energy molecule that can break down to ADP and phosphate
d) provides enzymes for metabolism
e) is most energetic when in the ADP state

_____27. Which of the following is Not associated with carbohydrates?
a) amylase    b) cellulose    c) pepsin    d) chitin    e) insulin

_____28. The union of glycerol and fatty acids to form fat is an example of what kind of reaction?
a) endergonic reaction   b) exergonic reaction   c) dehydration reaction   d) hydrolysis reaction   e) redox reaction

_____29. Which of the following is Not a compound composed of glucose?
a) chitin     b) glycogen    c) starch    d) glucagon    e) cellulose

_____30. A disaccharide is
a) A complex protein found in plants.
b A basic building block of life.
c) The group to which glucose belongs.
d) A sugar consisting of two monosaccharides.
e) A sugar in its simplest form.

_____31. When identical chemical groups are bonded to different atoms in two molecules, such as
glucose and galactose, these are examples of
a) monosaccharides    b) polymers    c) monomers    d) structural isomers    e) steroisomers

_____32. During a chemical reaction, the loss of an electron from an atom or molecule is termed
a) reduction    b) cellular respiration    c) kinetics    d) oxidation    e) metabolism

_____33. Of the following functional chemical groups, which is the only one that contains nitrogen?
a) carboxyl    b) amino    c) methyl    d) hydroxyl    e) sulfhydryl

_____34. Adenine, a nitrogen base, is found in all of the following Except
a) RNA    b) DNA    c) ATP    d) cAMP    e) amino acids

_____35. A reaction that breaks down compounds by the addition of water is known as a
a) hydrolysis reaction   b) dehydration reaction   c) endergonic reaction   d) exergonic reaction   e) redox reaction

_____36. Which of the following is Not a lipid?
a) steroids    b) fats    c) phospholipids    d) glycogen    e) cholesterol

_____37. A compound contains a COOH group. What functional group is that?
a) amino group    b) carbonyl group    c) carboxyl group    d) hydroxyl group   e) phosphate group

_____38. Polymers of sugars are called
a) proteins    b) polysaccharides    c) fats and oils    d) nucleic acids    e) polypeptides

_____39. Large molecules that are composed of repeating units of small molecules are called
a) monomers    b) polymers    c) repeaters    d) macrophages    e) polycarbonates

_____40. Polymers of amino acids are called
a) starches    b) polysaccharides    c) fats and oils    d) nucleic acids    e) polypeptides

_____41. The characteristic that is shared by all organic molecules is that they
a) have sulfur.
b) have a ring structure.
c) are derived from crude oil.
d) are manufactured in organic chemistry laboratories.
e) are made of chains of carbon atoms.

_____42. The small repeating units of large molecules are called
a) monomers    b) polymers    c) repeaters    d) macrophages    e) polycarbonates

_____43. Polymers of nucleotides are called
a) starches    b) polysaccharides    c) fats and oils    d) nucleic acids    e) polypeptides

_____44. An example of a polypeptide is
a) table sugar    b) protein    c) olive oil    d) cellulose    e) corn starch

_____45. The most predominant component of biological membranes are
a) lipids    b) sugars    c) nucleic acids    d) starches    e) oils

_____46. The biological functions of molecules are determined by their
a) shapes
b) charge distributions
c) ability to interact with water
d) structures
e) All of the above.

_____47. Standard, small groupings of atoms on molecules that help to determine its properties are called
a) competent sites    b) functional groups    c) portals    d) interfaces    e) remainder groups

_____48. Organic acids are characterized by which functional group
a) amino    b) carboxyl    c) hydroxyl    d) keto    e) aldenhyde

_____49. The most important biological properties of a molecule depend on its interactions with
a) proteins    b) sugars    c) water    d) membranes    e) DNA

_____50. Molecules that contain both amino and carboxyl groups are
a) sugars    b) amino acids    c) nucleotides    d) starches    e) lipids

_____51. Molecules that each consists of a nitrogen-containing aromatic ring compound, a sugar,
and a molecule of phosphoric acid are
a) sugars    b) amino acids    c) nucleotides    d) starches    e) lipids

_____52. When all the bonds between the carbons of a hydrocarbon are single bonds, and it contains
the maximum number of hydrogen atoms it is said to be
a) saturated    b) complimented    c) polycarbonated    d) impregnated    e) unsaturated

_____53. The most important simple sugar in almost all living organisms is
a) sucrose    b) glucose    c) fructose    d) starch    e) cellulose

_____54. Choose the one item from the following lists is Not one of the parts of a nucleotide.
a) ribose    b) deoxyribose    c) lipid    d) nitrogenous base    e) phosphate

_____55. The are a total of ____ naturally occurring amino acids in cells.
a) 4    b) 5    c) 8    d) 10    e) 20

_____56. The biological role of a protein depends on
a) its sequence of amino acids
b) the pattern of folding of the amino acids
c) other protein molecules with which it is associated
d) its three-dimensional shape
e) All of the above.

_____57. The amino acid sequence of protein is the level of protein structure called the ____ structure.
a) primary    b) sequential    c) secondary    d) quaternary    e) tertiary

_____58. The three-dimensional arrangement of the polypeptide chains that compose the protein is the
level of protein structure called the _____ structure.
a) primary    b) sequential    c) secondary    d) quaternary    e) tertiary

_____59. The three-dimensional folding of an entire polypeptide chain is the level of protein
structure called the ____ structure.
a) primary    b) sequential    c) secondary    d) quaternary    e) tertiary

_____60. The fitting together of two or more folded amino acid chains is the level of protein
structure called the ____ structure.
a) primary    b) sequential    c) secondary    d) quaternary    e) tertiary

_____61. A chain of amino acids that is wound into a single, coiled strand is an example of a
secondary protein structure called a(n)
a) isomeric coil    b) collagen helix    c) alpha helix    d) helicoid cyme    e) beta sheet

_____62. An amino acid chain that forms a zig-zap pattern is an example of a secondary
protein structure called a(n)
a) isomeric coil    b) collagen helix    c) alpha helix    d) helicoid cyme    e) beta sheet