HTML 3.2+ | Dec. | Hex. | Description | Note | |
" | " | " | " | quotation mark | |
& | & | & | & | ampersand | |
< | < | < | < | less-than | |
> | > | > | > | greater-than | |
|   |   | no-break space | ||
¡ | ¡ | ¡ | ¡ | inverted exclamation mark | |
¢ | ¢ | ¢ | ¢ | cent sign | |
£ | £ | £ | £ | pound sterling sign | |
¤ | ¤ | ¤ | ¤ | general currency sign | |
¥ | ¥ | ¥ | ¥ | yen sign | |
¦ | ¦ | ¦ | ¦ | broken (vertical) bar | |
§ | § | § | § | section sign | |
¨ | ¨ | ¨ | ¨ | umlaut = dieresis | |
© | © | © | © | copyright sign | |
ª | ª | ª | ª | ordinal indicator, feminine | |
« | « | « | « | angle quotation mark, left | |
¬ | ¬ | ¬ | ¬ | not sign | |
| ­ | ­ | ­ | soft hyphen | |
® | ® | ® | ® | registered sign | |
¯ | ¯ | ¯ | ¯ | macron | |
° | ° | ° | ° | degree sign | |
± | ± | ± | ± | plus-or-minus sign | |
² | ² | ² | ² | superscript two | |
³ | ³ | ³ | ³ | superscript three | |
´ | ´ | ´ | ´ | acute accent | |
µ | µ | µ | µ | micro sign | |
¶ | ¶ | ¶ | ¶ | pilcrow = paragraph sign | |
· | · | · | · | middle dot | |
¸ | ¸ | ¸ | ¸ | cedilla | |
¹ | ¹ | ¹ | ¹ | superscript one | |
º | º | º | º | ordinal indicator, masculine | |
» | » | » | » | angle quotation mark, right | |
¼ | ¼ | ¼ | ¼ | fraction one-quarter | |
½ | ½ | ½ | ½ | fraction one-half | |
¾ | ¾ | ¾ | ¾ | fraction three-quarters | |
¿ | ¿ | ¿ | ¿ | inverted question mark | |
À | À | À | À | capital A, grave accent | |
Á | Á | Á | Á | capital A, acute accent | |
 |  |  |  | capital A, circumflex accent | |
à | à | à | à | capital A, tilde | |
Ä | Ä | Ä | Ä | capital A, dieresis or umlaut mark | |
Å | Å | Å | Å | capital A, ring | |
Æ | Æ | Æ | Æ | capital AE diphthong (ligature) | |
Ç | Ç | Ç | Ç | capital C, cedilla | |
È | È | È | È | capital E, grave accent | |
É | É | É | É | capital E, acute accent | |
Ê | Ê | Ê | Ê | capital E, circumflex accent | |
Ë | Ë | Ë | Ë | capital E, dieresis or umlaut mark | |
Ì | Ì | Ì | Ì | capital I, grave accent | |
Í | Í | Í | Í | capital I, acute accent | |
Î | Î | Î | Î | capital I, circumflex accent | |
Ï | Ï | Ï | Ï | capital I, dieresis or umlaut mark | |
Ð | Ð | Ð | Ð | capital Eth, Icelandic | |
Ñ | Ñ | Ñ | Ñ | capital N, tilde | |
Ò | Ò | Ò | Ò | capital O, grave accent | |
Ó | Ó | Ó | Ó | capital O, acute accent | |
Ô | Ô | Ô | Ô | capital O, circumflex accent | |
Õ | Õ | Õ | Õ | capital O, tilde | |
Ö | Ö | Ö | Ö | capital O, dieresis or umlaut mark | |
× | × | × | × | multiply sign | |
Ø | Ø | Ø | Ø | capital O, slash | |
Ù | Ù | Ù | Ù | capital U, grave accent | |
Ú | Ú | Ú | Ú | capital U, acute accent | |
Û | Û | Û | Û | capital U, circumflex accent | |
Ü | Ü | Ü | Ü | capital U, dieresis or umlaut mark | |
Ý | Ý | Ý | Ý | capital Y, acute accent | |
Þ | Þ | Þ | Þ | capital THORN, Icelandic | |
ß | ß | ß | ß | small sharp s, German (sz ligature) | |
à | à | à | à | small a, grave accent | |
á | á | á | á | small a, acute accent | |
â | â | â | â | small a, circumflex accent | |
ã | ã | ã | ã | small a, tilde | |
ä | ä | ä | ä | small a, dieresis or umlaut mark | |
å | å | å | å | small a, ring | |
æ | æ | æ | æ | small ae diphthong (ligature) | |
ç | ç | ç | ç | small c, cedilla | |
è | è | è | è | small e, grave accent | |
é | é | é | é | small e, acute accent | |
ê | ê | ê | ê | small e, circumflex accent | |
ë | ë | ë | ë | small e, dieresis or umlaut mark | |
ì | ì | ì | ì | small i, grave accent | |
í | í | í | í | small i, acute accent | |
î | î | î | î | small i, circumflex accent | |
ï | ï | ï | ï | small i, dieresis or umlaut mark | |
ð | ð | ð | ð | small eth, Icelandic | |
ñ | ñ | ñ | ñ | small n, tilde | |
ò | ò | ò | ò | small o, grave accent | |
ó | ó | ó | ó | small o, acute accent | |
ô | ô | ô | ô | small o, circumflex accent | |
õ | õ | õ | õ | small o, tilde | |
ö | ö | ö | ö | small o, dieresis or umlaut mark | |
÷ | ÷ | ÷ | ÷ | divide sign | |
ø | ø | ø | ø | small o, slash | |
ù | ù | ù | ù | small u, grave accent | |
ú | ú | ú | ú | small u, acute accent | |
û | û | û | û | small u, circumflex accent | |
ü | ü | ü | ü | small u, dieresis or umlaut mark | |
ý | ý | ý | ý | small y, acute accent | |
þ | þ | þ | þ | small thorn, Icelandic | |
ÿ | ÿ | ÿ | ÿ | small y, dieresis or umlaut mark | |
Œ | Œ | Œ | Œ | capital OE ethel (ligature) | |
œ | œ | œ | œ | small oe ethel (ligature) | |
Š | Š | Š | Š | capital S, caron | |
š | š | š | š | small s, caron | |
Ÿ | Ÿ | Ÿ | Ÿ | capital Y, dieresis or umlaut | |
ƒ | ƒ | ƒ | ƒ | function | |
ə | n/a | ə | ə | schwa vowel | |
ˆ | ˆ | ˆ | ˆ | circumflex | |
˜ | ˜ | ˜ | ˜ | small tilde | |
Α | Α | Α | Α | capital Alpha | |
Β | Β | Β | Β | capital Beta | |
Γ | Γ | Γ | Γ | capital Gamma | |
Δ | Δ | Δ | Δ | capital Delta | |
Ε | Ε | Ε | Ε | capital Epsilon | |
Ζ | Ζ | Ζ | Ζ | capital Zeta | |
Η | Η | Η | Η | capital Eta | |
Θ | Θ | Θ | Θ | capital Theta | |
Ι | Ι | Ι | Ι | capital Iota | |
Κ | Κ | Κ | Κ | capital Kappa | |
Λ | Λ | Λ | Λ | capital Lambda | |
Μ | Μ | Μ | Μ | capital Mu | |
Ν | Ν | Ν | Ν | capital Nu | |
Ξ | Ξ | Ξ | Ξ | capital Xi | |
Ο | Ο | Ο | Ο | capital Omicron | |
Π | Π | Π | Π | capital Pi | |
Ρ | Ρ | Ρ | Ρ | capital Rho | |
Σ | Σ | ΢ | ΢ | capital Sigma | |
Τ | Τ | Τ | Τ | capital Tau | |
Υ | Υ | Υ | Υ | capital Upsilon | |
Φ | Φ | Φ | Φ | capital Phi | |
Χ | Χ | Χ | Χ | capital Chi | |
Ψ | Ψ | Ψ | Ψ | capital Psi | |
Ω | Ω | Ω | Ω | capital Omega | |
α | α | α | α | small alpha | |
β | β | β | β | small beta | |
γ | γ | γ | γ | small gamma | |
δ | δ | δ | δ | small delta | |
ε | ε | ε | ε | small epsilon | |
ζ | ζ | ζ | ζ | small zeta | |
η | η | η | η | small eta | |
θ | θ | θ | θ | small theta | |
ι | ι | ι | ι | small iota | |
κ | κ | κ | κ | small kappa | |
λ | λ | λ | λ | small lambda | |
μ | μ | μ | μ | small mu | |
ν | ν | ν | ν | small nu | |
ξ | ξ | ξ | ξ | small xi | |
ο | ο | ο | ο | small omicron | |
π | π | π | π | small pi | |
ρ | ρ | ρ | ρ | small rho | |
ς | ς | ς | ς | small final sigma | |
σ | σ | σ | σ | small sigma | |
τ | τ | τ | τ | small tau | |
υ | υ | υ | υ | small upsilon | |
φ | φ | φ | φ | small phi | |
χ | χ | χ | χ | small chi | |
ψ | ψ | ψ | ψ | small psi | |
ω | ω | ω | ω | small omega | |
ϑ | ϑ | ϑ | ϑ | small theta symbol | |
ϒ | ϒ | ϒ | ϒ | small upsilon with hook | |
ϖ | ϖ | ϖ | ϖ | pi symbol | |
| n/a | ۝ | ۝ | Arabic End of Ayah | |
۞ | n/a | ۞ | ۞ | Arabic Start of Rub El Hizb | |
۩ | n/a | ۩ | ۩ | Arabic Place of Sadjah | |
  |   |   | en space¹ | ||
  |   |   | em space¹ | ||
  |   |   | thin space¹ | ||
n/a |   |   | hair space¹ | ||
| n/a | ​ | ​ | zero width space¹ | |
| ‌ | ‌ | ‌ | zero width non-joiner¹ | |
| ‍ | ‍ | ‍ | zero width joiner¹ | |
| ‎ | ‎ | ‎ | left-to-right mark | |
| ‏ | ‏ | ‏ | right-to-left mark | |
– | – | – | – | en dash | |
— | — | — | — | em dash | |
‘ | ‘ | ‘ | ‘ | opening single quote | |
’ | ’ | ’ | ’ | closing single quote | |
‚ | ‚ | ‚ | ‚ | single low-9 quotation mark | |
“ | “ | “ | “ | opening double quote | |
” | &rdquo | ” | ” | closing double quote | |
„ | „ | „ | „ | double low-9 quotation mark | |
† | † | † | † | dagger | |
‡ | ‡ | ‡ | ‡ | double dagger | |
• | • | • | • | bullet | |
… | … | … | … | ellipsis | |
‧ | n/a | ‧ | ‧ | hyphenation point | |
‰ | ‰ | ‰ | ‰ | permille | |
′ | ′ | ′ | ′ | prime | |
″ | ″ | ″ | ″ | double prime | |
‹ | ‹ | ‹ | ‹ | single angle quotation mark, left | |
› | › | › | › | single angle quotation mark, right | |
‼ | n/a | ‼ | ‼ | double exclamation mark | |
‽ | n/a | ‽ | ‽ | interrobang | |
‾ | ‾ | ‾ | ‾ | overline | |
⁄ | ⁄ | ⁄ | ⁄ | fraction slash | |
₣ | n/a | ₣ | ₣ | French Franc | |
₤ | n/a | ₤ | ₤ | Lira | |
₧ | n/a | ₧ | ₧ | Peseta | |
₨ | n/a | ₨ | ₨ | Rupee | |
€ | € | € | € | Euro | |
ℑ | ℑ | ℑ | ℑ | imaginary part | |
℔ | n/a | ℔ | ℔ | pound (mass) | |
№ | n/a | № | № | numéro | |
™ | ™ | ™ | ™ | trademark | |
Ω | n/a | Ω | Ω | Ohm | |
℮ | n/a | ℮ | ℮ | estimated symbol | |
ℵ | ℵ | ℵ | ℵ | alef symbol | |
⅓ | n/a | ⅓ | ⅓ | fraction one-third | |
⅔ | n/a | ⅔ | ⅔ | fraction two-thirds | |
⅛ | n/a | ⅛ | ⅛ | fraction one-eighth | |
⅜ | n/a | ⅜ | ⅜ | fraction three-eighths | |
⅝ | n/a | ⅝ | ⅝ | fraction five-eighths | |
⅞ | n/a | ⅞ | ⅞ | fraction seven-eighths | |
← | ← | ← | ← | left arrow | |
↑ | ↑ | ↑ | ↑ | up arrow | |
→ | → | → | → | right arrow | |
↓ | ↓ | ↓ | ↓ | down arrow | |
↔ | ↔ | ↔ | ↔ | left right arrow | |
↵ | ↵ | ↕ | ↕ | carriage return | |
⇐ | ⇐ | ⇐ | ⇐ | double left arrow | |
⇑ | ⇑ | ⇑ | ⇑ | double up arrow | |
⇒ | ⇒ | ⇒ | ⇒ | double right arrow | |
⇓ | ⇓ | ⇓ | ⇓ | double down arrow | |
⇔ | ⇔ | ⇔ | ⇔ | double left right arrow | |
∀ | ∀ | ∀ | ∀ | for all | |
∂ | ∂ | ∂ | ∂ | partial differential | |
∃ | ∃ | ∃ | ∃ | there exists | |
∅ | ∅ | ∅ | ∅ | empty set, null set, diameter | |
∇ | ∇ | ∇ | ∇ | nabla/backward difference | |
∈ | ∈ | ∈ | ∈ | element of | |
∉ | ∉ | ∉ | ∉ | not an element of | |
∋ | ∋ | ∋ | ∋ | contains as member | |
∏ | ∏ | ∏ | ∏ | n-ary product, product sign | |
∑ | ∑ | ∑ | ∑ | n-ary sumation | |
− | − | − | − | minus sign | |
∗ | ∗ | ∗ | ∗ | asterisk operator | |
℘ | ℘ | ∘ | ∘ | Weierstrass elliptic function | |
√ | √ | √ | √ | radical sign | |
∝ | ∝ | ∝ | ∝ | proportional to | |
∞ | ∞ | ∞ | ∞ | infinity | |
∟ | n/a | ∟ | ∟ | right angle | |
∠ | ∠ | ∠ | ∠ | angle | |
∧ | ∧ | ∧ | ∧ | logical and | |
∨ | ∨ | ∨ | ∨ | logical or | |
∩ | ∩ | ∩ | ∩ | cap, intersection | |
∪ | ∪ | ∪ | ∪ | cup, union | |
∫ | ∫ | ∫ | ∫ | integral | |
∴ | ∴ | ∴ | ∴ | therefore | |
∼ | ∼ | ∼ | ∼ | tilde operator | |
≅ | ≅ | ≅ | ≅ | approximately equal to | |
≈ | ≈ | ≈ | ≈ | asymptotic to | |
≠ | ≠ | ≠ | ≠ | not equal to | |
≡ | ≡ | ≡ | ≡ | identical to | |
≤ | ≤ | ≤ | ≤ | less-than or equal to | |
≥ | ≥ | ≥ | ≥ | greater-than or equal to | |
⊂ | ⊂ | ⊂ | ⊂ | subset of | |
⊃ | ⊃ | ⊃ | ⊃ | superset of | |
⊄ | ⊄ | ⊄ | ⊄ | not a subset of | |
⊆ | ⊆ | ⊆ | ⊆ | subset of or equal to | |
⊇ | ⊇ | ⊇ | ⊇ | superset of or equal to | |
⊕ | ⊕ | ⊕ | ⊕ | circled plus, direct sum, Earth | |
⊗ | ⊗ | ⊗ | ⊗ | circled times, vector product | |
⊥ | ⊥ | ⊥ | ⊥ | up tack, orthogonal to, perpendicular | |
⋅ | ⋅ | ⋅ | ⋅ | dot operator | |
⌈ | ⌈ | ⌈ | ⌈ | left ceiling, apl upstile | |
⌉ | ⌉ | ⌉ | ⌉ | right ceiling | |
⌊ | ⌊ | ⌊ | ⌊ | left floor, apl downstile | |
⌋ | ⌋ | ⌋ | ⌋ | right floor | |
⌨ | n/a | ⌨ | ⌨ | keyboard | |
〈 | ⟨ | 〈 | 〈 | left-pointing angle bracket, bra | |
〉 | ⟩ | 〉 | 〉 | right-pointing angle bracket, ket | |
■ | n/a | ■ | ■ | black square | |
□ | n/a | □ | □ | white square | |
▶ | n/a | ▶ | ▶ | black right-pointing triangle | |
◊ | ◊ | ◊ | ◊ | lozenge | |
◉ | n/a | ◉ | ◉ | circle – fisheye | |
○ | n/a | ○ | ○ | circle – empty | |
● | n/a | ● | ● | circle – full | |
◒ | n/a | ◒ | ◒ | circle – lower half | |
◓ | n/a | ◓ | ◓ | circle – top half | |
☁ | n/a | ☁ | ☁ | cloud | |
☂ | n/a | ☂ | ☂ | umbrella | |
☃ | n/a | ☃ | ☃ | snowman | |
☄ | n/a | ☄ | ☄ | comet | |
★ | n/a | ★ | ★ | black star | |
☆ | n/a | ☆ | ☆ | white star | |
☎ | n/a | ☎ | ☎ | black telephone | |
☏ | n/a | ☏ | ☏ | white telephone | |
☐ | n/a | ☐ | ☐ | ballot box | |
☑ | n/a | ☑ | ☑ | ballot box with check | |
☒ | n/a | ☒ | ☒ | ballot box with X | |
☢ | n/a | ☢ | ☢ | radioactive | |
☣ | n/a | ☣ | ☣ | biohazard | |
☥ | n/a | ☥ | ☥ | ankh | |
☧ | n/a | ☧ | ☧ | Chi Rho, labarum | Church |
☨ | n/a | ☨ | ☨ | Croix de Lorraine | V for Vendetta |
☪ | n/a | ☪ | ☪ | star and crescent | Flag of the Ottoman Empire |
☭ | n/a | ☭ | ☭ | hammer and sickle | communism |
☮ | n/a | ☮ | ☮ | peace symbol | |
☯ | n/a | ☯ | ☯ | yin yang | |
☸ | n/a | ☸ | ☸ | wheel of dharma | Hinduism/Buddhism |
☹ | n/a | ☹ | ☹ | white frowning face | |
☺ | n/a | ☺ | ☺ | white smiling face | |
☻ | n/a | ☻ | ☻ | black smiling face | |
☼ | n/a | ☼ | ☼ | white sun with rays | |
☽ | n/a | ☽ | ☽ | waxing crescent | |
☾ | n/a | ☾ | ☾ | waning crescent | |
☿ | n/a | ☿ | ☿ | Mercury, hermaphrodite sign | |
♀ | n/a | ♀ | ♀ | Venus, female sign | |
♁ | n/a | ♁ | ♁ | Earth | |
♂ | n/a | ♂ | ♂ | Mars, male sign | |
♃ | n/a | ♃ | ♃ | Jupiter | |
♄ | n/a | ♄ | ♄ | Saturn | |
♅ | n/a | ♅ | ♅ | Uranus | |
♆ | n/a | ♆ | ♆ | Neptune | |
♇ | n/a | ♇ | ♇ | Pluto | |
♈ | n/a | ♈ | ♈ | Aries | |
♉ | n/a | ♉ | ♉ | Taurus | |
♊ | n/a | ♊ | ♊ | Gemini | |
♋ | n/a | ♋ | ♋ | Cancer | |
♌ | n/a | ♌ | ♌ | Leo | |
♍ | n/a | ♍ | ♍ | Virgo | |
♎ | n/a | ♎ | ♎ | Libra | |
♏ | n/a | ♏ | ♏ | Scorpius (Scorpio) | |
♐ | n/a | ♐ | ♐ | Sagittarius, unknown gender sign | |
♑ | n/a | ♑ | ♑ | Capricorn | |
♒ | n/a | ♒ | ♒ | Aquarius | |
♓ | n/a | ♓ | ♓ | Pisces | |
♔ | n/a | ♔ | ♔ | chess – white king | |
♕ | n/a | ♕ | ♕ | chess – white queen | |
♖ | n/a | ♖ | ♖ | chess – white rook | |
♗ | n/a | ♗ | ♗ | chess – white bishop | |
♘ | n/a | ♘ | ♘ | chess – white knight | |
♙ | n/a | ♙ | ♙ | chess – white pawn | |
♚ | n/a | ♚ | ♚ | chess – black king | |
♛ | n/a | ♛ | ♛ | chess – black queen | |
♜ | n/a | ♜ | ♜ | chess – black rook | |
♝ | n/a | ♝ | ♝ | chess – black bishop | |
♞ | n/a | ♞ | ♞ | chess – black knight | |
♟ | n/a | ♟ | ♟ | chess – black pawn | |
♠ | ♠ | ♠ | ♠ | spade suit | |
♡ | n/a | ♡ | ♡ | white heart | |
♢ | n/a | ♢ | ♢ | white diamond | |
♣ | ♣ | ♣ | ♣ | clubs suit/shamrock | |
♤ | n/a | ♤ | ♤ | white spade suit | |
♥ | ♥ | ♥ | ♥ | heart | |
♦ | ♦ | ♦ | ♦ | diamond | |
♧ | n/a | ♧ | ♧ | white clubs suit | |
♨ | n/a | ♨ | ♨ | hot springs | |
♩ | n/a | ♩ | ♩ | quarter note | |
♪ | n/a | ♪ | ♪ | eighth note | |
♫ | n/a | ♫ | ♫ | beamed eighth notes | |
♬ | n/a | ♬ | ♬ | beamed sixteenth notes | |
♭ | n/a | ♭ | ♭ | flat | |
♮ | n/a | ♮ | ♮ | natural | |
♯ | n/a | ♯ | ♯ | sharp | |
⚥ | n/a | ⚥ | ⚥ | transgender sign 1 | |
⚧ | n/a | ⚧ | ⚧ | transgender sign 2 | |
✁ | n/a | ✁ | ✁ | upper blade scissors | |
✂ | n/a | ✂ | ✂ | black scissors | |
✃ | n/a | ✃ | ✃ | lower blade scissors | |
✄ | n/a | ✄ | ✄ | white scissors | |
✆ | n/a | ✆ | ✆ | telephone location | |
✇ | n/a | ✇ | ✇ | tape drive | |
✈ | n/a | ✈ | ✈ | airplane | |
✉ | n/a | ✉ | ✉ | envelope | |
✌ | n/a | ✌ | ✌ | victory hand | |
✍ | n/a | ✍ | ✍ | writing hand | |
✎ | n/a | ✎ | ✎ | pencil – lower-right | |
✏ | n/a | ✏ | ✏ | pencil – right | |
✐ | n/a | ✐ | ✐ | pencil – upper-right | |
✑ | n/a | ✑ | ✑ | white nib | |
✒ | n/a | ✒ | ✒ | black nib | |
✓ | n/a | ✓ | ✓ | checkmark | |
✔ | n/a | ✔ | ✔ | heavy checkmark | |
✗ | n/a | ✗ | ✗ | ballot X | |
✘ | n/a | ✘ | ✘ | heavy ballot X | |
✡ | n/a | ✡ | ✡ | Star of David | |
✯ | n/a | ✯ | ✯ | pinwheel star | |
✿ | n/a | ✿ | ✿ | black florette | |
❀ | n/a | ❀ | ❀ | white florette | |
〄 | n/a | 〄 | 〄 | Japanese Industrial Standard | |
〠 | n/a | 〠 | 〠 | postal mark face | |
一 | n/a | 一 | 一 | Chinese: one | |
七 | n/a | 七 | 七 | Chinese: seven | |
三 | n/a | 三 | 三 | Chinese: three | |
上 | n/a | 上 | 上 | Chinese: up | |
下 | n/a | 下 | 下 | Chinese: down | |
九 | n/a | 九 | 九 | Chinese: nine | |
二 | n/a | 二 | 二 | Chinese: two | |
五 | n/a | 五 | 五 | Chinese: five | |
人 | n/a | 人 | 人 | Chinese: person | |
億 | n/a | 億 | 億 | Chinese: hundred million | |
元 | n/a | 元 | 元 | yuan | |
八 | n/a | 八 | 八 | Chinese: eight | |
六 | n/a | 六 | 六 | Chinese: six | |
十 | n/a | 十 | 十 | Chinese: ten | |
千 | n/a | 千 | 千 | Chinese: thousand | |
卍 | n/a | 卍 | 卍 | Swastika or Manji | |
卐 | n/a | 卐 | 卐 | ' | |
四 | n/a | 四 | 四 | Chinese: four | |
百 | n/a | 百 | 百 | Chinese: hundred | |
萬 | n/a | 萬 | 萬 | Chinese: ten thousand | |
零 | n/a | 零 | 零 | Chinese: zero | |
力 | n/a | 力 | 力 | Chinese: force | |
| n/a |  |  | zero width no-break space | |
 | n/a |  |  | object replacement | |
� | n/a | � | � | replacement |