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• Speed Rating - Indicates the maximum speed that a tire is designed to withstand if it is properly inflated and not overloaded, for short periods of time. The speed rating appears in one of two forms depending on the marking system used on the tire. If it is present, the rating will appear as a letter preceding the construction type designator (as P175/70HR13 or 225/50VR15), letter H and V, respectively. The following letters correspond to the top speed for which the tire was assigned:
  

S=112 MPH (180 Km/h)

T=118 MPH (190 Km/h)

U=124 MPH (200 Km/h)

H=130 MPH (210 Km/h)

W=168 MPH (270 Km/h)

Y=186 MPH (300 Km/h)

Z=149 MPH (240 Km/h) and over

• UTQG RATING - The Uniform Tire Quality Grading provides comparative manufacturer information. Tire brands, types, sizes and models are done due to government mandate by the manufacturer. UTQG includes measures such as treadwear, traction and temperature resistance. TREADWEAR measures tread durability. It is compared to a standard of 100. For example, a treadwear of 300 indicates that the tread wears 3 times as compared to the standard. Treadwear is affected by the way the vehicle is driven, differences on road surface, service practices and climate. It should not be used to compare between brands but within brands.
  
  TRACTION is a measurement of the ability of a tire to stop on wet test surfaces of asphalt and concrete under controlled experimental conditions. It corresponds to braking in a straight line, not for cornering (turning) or traction on snow surfaces.
  
  Grade A Meets maximum requirements of the U.S. Department of Transportation (DOT).
  
  Grade B Meets moderate requirements Grade C Meets minimum requiremets
  
  TEMPERATURE measures resistance to generation of heat by the tire friction under normal operating conditions. Excessive speed, overloading, underinflation and other factors may cause heat built up. Excess temperatures may decrease the life of a tire. Grades for temperature resistance are branded on the sidewall of a tire:
  
  Grade A= maximum performance level. It withstand a 30-min run at 115 mph.
  
  Grade B=the tire performs well at 100 mph, but not at 115 mph.
  
  Grade C=the tire can not withstand a test for a 30 min run at 100 mph.
  
  
• Load Index - Under the most recent version of metric tire sizing you will find a number and a letter following the tire size. For example, you might see a tire marked 195/60R14 85T. Here, the number 85 represents the load capacity index of that tire when properly inflated and the letter T indicates the speed rating.
  
  
• Tire Sizing - Tires size is the combination of alphabetic and numeric characters that indicate the nominal dimension of a tire. There are several tire designations currently in use, depending on when the vehicle was manufactured and wheather it is domestic or imported.
  P-METRIC. This is the U.S. version of a metric sizing system, created in 1976. Always begins with the letter "P" (for passanger), followed by the section width in millimeters, a slash, and the aspect ratio. The next letter is either a D (for diagonal or bias construction) or an R (for radial construction). The last number indicates the wheel diameter that the tire was designed to fit. For example, P215/75R15 indicates a passanger car tire with a section width of 215 millimeters and an aspect ratio of 75. It is of radial construction and fits a 15 inch diameter wheel. A letter indicating the speed rating of the tire may or may not be present, preceding the letter designating construction type. If the aspect ratio is not indicated (as in 175R14), then, by definition, the aspect ratio is 80.
  
  METRIC. This is the European system of the tire marking which is very similar to the P-Metric system. Tires marked in this system do not have the mark "P" but the rest of the system works basically the same way. European regulations require the inclusion of a speed rating (as well as some other information as covered above) in the tire markings. An example of a metric tire size is 225/50VR16 or 225/60R16V. This represents a tire which has a section width of 225 mm, an aspect ratio of 50, a V speed rating and a wheel diameter of 16".
  
  ALPHA-NUMERIC. Dates from 1968. This system is based on the load carrying capacity fo the tire rather than a direct measurement of the section width. The capacity and size of the tire are indicated by letters ranging from "A" to "N" representing the largest tire with the highest load carrying capacity. Example: BR78-13, where "B" is the load/size relationship, "R" indicates radial construction, and no letter indicates bias. The number 78 is the aspect ratio and 13 is the wheel size in inches.
  
  NUMERIC. This is the oldest of the passenger tire sizing systems. When it was established tires only came in aspect ratios of either 92 or 82. A typical numeric tire size is 6.00 - 14, where the section width is 6 inches and the wheel size is 14 inches. Section widths ending in .00 or .50 represent tires with an aspect ratio of 92, while section widths ending in other decimal fractions represent an aspect ratio of 82.
  
  
• Types of Tires -

  PASSENGER CARS

  Maximum Performance. These are W, Y, or Z speed-rated tires. Superior technology and best manufacturing techniques to provide higher dry and wet traction, handling and higher speed.
  
  Ultra High Performance. These are V or Z speed-rated. High quality tires for best performance on steering response and superior traction traits.
  
  Ultra High Performance All-Season. M and S-rated, V or Z-speed rated. Light snow traction in winter and all-season traction with best handling and high speed capabilities.
  
  High Performance. U or H speed rated. Excellent handling and steering response under wet and dry surface conditions.
  
  Performance All-Season. M and S. S or T-rated speed. Good steering response and handling at all seasons of the year.
  
  Touring. M and S rated. S, H, or V speed rated, Provides smooth ride and long wear. Popular line preferred by many drivers.
  
  All Season. M and S. Non speed rated, or S or T speed rated. Long wear, quiter rides, good handling and low cost.
  
  LIGHT TRUCKS
  
  Street/Sport Truck. White or black lettering. Good traction at all seasons.
  
  Highway Rib. Designed for highway use providing good even wear, low noise levels, and nice smooth ride.
  
  Highway All-Season. Small independent tread blocks to provide best traction on gravel roads and sand.
  
  Off-Road All-Terrain. Treads designed to perform well on dirt, sand, gravel, and snow.
  
  Off-Road Maximum Traction. Good for muddy surfaces for maximum traction to move vehicle forward. Can performed well on highway too.