Caterpillars

Definition

Caterpillars (long, fuzzy, segmented insects) are unable to pierce the skin with their bite. However, their hairs may become embedded in the skin or eyes, causing symptoms confined to the area of the penetration.

Some caterpillar hairs can be released into the air, where they can be inhaled causing respiratory irritation. Eating caterpillars may cause an upset stomach.

Symptoms

Body as a whole:

• Swelling
• Pain
• Anaphylaxis (allergic reaction, rare)

Nervous System

• Headache

Skin:

• Rash
• Redness
• Itching
• Hives
• Blisters

Eyes:

• Pain
• Redness
• Tearing

Respiratory System:

• Rhinitis
• Cough
• Wheezing
• Shortness of breath

Gastrointestinal:

• Vomiting, if caterpillar or caterpillar hairs are eaten
• Mouth and throat irritation
• Drooling

Home Treatment

The objective is to remove irritating caterpillar hairs. On skin, apply adhesive tape (such as duct or masking tape) to the site, then pull off. Repeat as needed until all hairs are removed. Follow with calamine lotion, and apply ice to the affected area.

Eyes should be flushed immediately with plenty of water before seeking professional medical care. If respiratory symptoms develop following inhalation of caterpillar hairs, administer beta-agonist inhalers or antihistamines (if available), then seek professional medical care.

Before Calling Emergency

Before calling the emergency number determine the following:

• Patient's age, weight, and condition
• Identity of the caterpillar, if possible
• Time of the incident

Poison Control, or a local emergency number

The National Poison Control Center (1-800-222-1222) can be called from anywhere in the United States. This national hotline number will let you talk to experts in poisoning. They will give you further instructions.

This is a free and confidential service. All local poison control centers in the U.S. use this national number. You should call if you have any questions about poisoning or poison prevention. It does NOT need to be an emergency. You can call for any reason, 24 hours a day, 7 days a week.

Take the container with you to the hospital, if possible.

See National Poison Control center.

What to expect at the emergency room

The health care provider will measure and monitor the patient's vital signs, including temperature, pulse, breathing rate, and blood pressure. The patient may receive:

• Treatment for any allergic reaction 
• Skin exam to remove all catepillar hairs
• Medications to control pain and itching
• Eye flushing with water or saline
• Topical anesthetic (numbing) drops
• Eye examination
• Supplemental oxygen
• Inhaled bronchodilator medications

Expectations (prognosis)

The outcome is generally very good, and death is exceedingly rare.

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