Geographic tongueDefinition Geographic tongue describes a map-like appearance of your tongue. This results from irregular, denuded patches on its surface. Causes, incidence, and risk factors The specific cause of geographic tongue is unknown, although allergies may be involved. Other causes may include irritation from hot or spicy foods, alcohol, or tobacco. The pattern on the surface of your tongue may change very rapidly. The pattern results from the loss of papillae (tiny finger-like projections on the surface of the tongue). This gives areas of the tongue flat spots, and thus a geographic appearance. These areas of papillae loss are said to be "denuded." Denuded areas may persist for more than a month. Symptoms
Signs and tests Your doctor will usually diagnose this condition based on an examination of your tongue. Tests are usually not necessary. Treatment There is no treatment. Expectations (prognosis) Geographic tongue is a harmless condition, but it can be persistent and uncomfortable. Calling your health care provider Call for an appointment with your doctor if the symptoms last longer than 10 days. Call the local emergency number (such as 911) if:
Prevention Avoid irritating your tongue with hot or spicy food, alcohol, or tobacco if you are prone to this condition. Illustrations
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