(2 points) Ronald Reagan defeated George Bush in the 1980 presidential election.

(2 points) Reagan believed that cutting taxes and building up the military were more important than balancing the budget.

(2 points) Reagan's military buildup was the largest peacetime buildup in American history.

(2 points) President Carter urged Americans to conserve energy as a result of the Arab Oil Embargo.

(2 points) The Reagan administration took steps to protect more public lands from development and pushed for stronger environmental protection laws.

(2 points) The United States got along well with Ayatollah Khomeini of Iran.

(2 points) Osama bin laden was once a Saudi recruit of the Mujhadeen who fought the Soviet Union in Afghanastan.

(2 points) During the Persian Gulf War the government of Saudi Arabia was upset with the U.S. decision to liberate Kuwait from Iraqi control.

(2 points) Currently, Iran supports the efforts of the U.S. to bring democracy to Iraq.

(2 points) One of President Ford’s greatest achievements as President was the Camp David Accords.

(5 points) Before Ronald Reagan became a politician, he was

(5 points) Supply-side economists believed that tax cuts would result in

(5 points) Reagan believed that massive Soviet defense spending would

(5 points) In the Iran-Contra scandal, officials sold weapons to Iran to

(5 points) To keep the deficit under control, Reagan proposed

(5 points) Reagan appointed this first female Supreme Court justice

(5 points) Reagan’s Strategic Defense Initiative (SDI) called for the

(5 points) In 1991, the United States and other nations went to war in the Persian Gulf because

(5 points) The ____ symbolized an important shift in the decades-old Cold War.

(5 points) Which is the most accurate description of perestroika, according to the diagram above?

(5 points) One important benefit that resulted from glasnost was that now

(5 points) How many years after his rise to power did Gorbachev’s country experience internal political and geographical changes, according to the time line above?

“[A] president cannot yield to the shortsighted demands, no matter how rich or powerful the special interests might be that make those demands. And that is why the president cannot bend to the passions of the moment, however popular they might be. And that is why the president must sometimes ask for sacrifice when his listeners would rather hear the promise of comfort.” —Jimmy Carter

(5 points) Which of the following is an accurate statement about Jimmy Carter’s philosophy, based on the passage above?

“We have every right to dream heroic dreams. . . . You can see heroes every day going in and out of factory gates. Others, a handful in number, produce enough food to feed all of us. . . . You meet heroes across a counter. . . . There are entrepreneurs with faith in themselves and faith in an idea who create new jobs, new wealth and opportunity. . . . Their patriotism is quiet but deep. Their values sustain our national life.” —President Ronald Reagan

(5 points) The passage above is a prime example of the way in which Reagan

(5 points) Which of the following is a true statement, based on the graph above?

“Built in 1961, the Berlin Wall served to stem the mounting tide of immigration from Communist East Germany into the democratic western sector of the city. . . . As reforms sparked by Mikhail Gorbachev swept through Eastern Europe, however, East German citizens began pressuring their government to open its borders. On November 9, 1989, the gates were thrown open, and East and West Berliners finally mingled freely. With great enthusiasm, they took hammers and chisels to the wall and tore down the hated symbol of division.” —National Geographic Magazine