Menopause usually occurs between the ages of 45 and 55. If menopause happens before the age of 40, it is called premature ovarian failure, or early menopause.

Many times the exact cause is unknown, although we know some of the reasons why the ovaries stop producing eggs. Some chemicals and medications can damage the ovary, including chemotherapy and radiation. Diseases that involve the immune system, heredity, and genetic abnormalities may also be factors.

Some symptoms you may notice include:

• menstrual cycle changes
• hot flashes
• mood changes
• vaginal dryness
• less interest in sex

If you have these symptoms you may be asked to have your blood levels of FSH and estrogen checked. High levels of FSH could indicate that you are experiencing menopause. Your blood can also be tested for certain immune diseases or genetic reasons for premature ovarian failure.

If you want to become pregnant, you will need to consider having in vitro fertilization (IVF) performed with donor eggs. Donor eggs are taken from a younger, fertile woman. These eggs may be donated from a family member, friend, or an anonymous donor.

There is no treatment to reverse premature ovarian failure. In premature ovarian failure and menopause there is a lack of estrogen. Estrogen is important in protecting you from heart and bone diseases. To reduce the risk of these diseases you should use hormone replacement therapy, take calcium supplements and exercise regularly. There are also support groups for women with premature ovarian failure.

Premature ovarian failure is an unfortunate life event. However, with treatment, women can still live normal lives and even bear children.