The 主義 ending implies the English -ism suffix.
Chinese people have managed to find some unusual uses for this ending, as illustrated by the Chinese-language websites petism.com, filmism.com and xbox-ism.com.
| 資本主義 | zi1 ben3 zhu3 yi4 | capitalism |
| 共產主義 | gong4 chan3 zhu3 yi4 | communism |
| 社會主義 | she4 hui4 zhu3 yi4 | socialism |
| 女權主義 | nü3 quan4 zhu3 yi4 | feminism |
| 大男子主義 | da4 nan2 zi zhu3 yi4 | male chauvinism |
| 個人主義 | ge4 ren2 zhu3 yi4 | individualism |
| 自由主義 | zi4 you2 zhu3 yi4 | liberalism |
| 利他主義 | li4 ta1 zhu3 yi4 | altruism |
| 馬克思主義 | ma3 ke4 si1 zhu3 yi4 | Marxism |
| 法西斯主義 | fa3 xi1 si1 zhu3 yi4 | Fascism |
| 樂觀主義 | le4 guan1 zhu3 yi4 | optimism |
| 悲觀主義 | bei1 guan1 zhu3 yi4 | pessimism |
| 客觀主義 | ke4 guan1 zhu3 yi4 | objectivism |
The 化 ending means 'change', and often implies the English -ion suffix:
| 自由化 | zi4 you2 hua4 | liberalization, liberalize |
| 惡化 | e4 hua4 | deterioration, deteriorate |
| 全球化 | quan2 qiu2 hua4 | globalization |
| 國際化 | guo2 ji4 hua4 | internationalization |
| 美化 | mei3 hua4 | beautification, beautify |