Heralds of Freedom
The Hutchinson Family Singers

- Chapter 2  Part 1  With a Band of Music  1842-1843 -

Hutchinson Family Singers Web Site



popular sketch of the original Hutchinson Family quartet



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With a Band of Music
1842-1843
Chapter 2  Part 1


I may be a stranger to you,  [ said Luke F. Newland, ]  but you are not strangers to me;   I have heard you sing,  and am very anxious our Albany people should have the same privilege.

New friend Luke Newland arranged a grand concert that would replenish the quartet's now-exhausted treasury and allow the singers to display their special talents before a large, fashionable audience.  Further, as the story goes, he gave them advice at a time when they were most likely to heed it.  Eliminate the instrumental performances, he said, and use the violins and cello only to accompany the singing,  "thus making the instrumental music subordinate to the voices."  And, he added, drop the name, the Æolian Vocalists; simply call yourselves the Hutchinson Family.

Newland left little for the singers to do in preparation for the big Albany concert, so they visited a boyhood friend, Josiah Fuller, at Bethlehem.  An incident, that no doubt seemed sad at the time, might be viewed today as vividly symbolic of the Hutchinsons' phoenix-like situation.  "[A]n insane woman,"  said John,  "climbed into our carriage in the barn, and busied herself by tearing our blank posters and programmes into little bits, leaving them as rats or mice would do, pulverized for their nests."

The quartet returned to Albany to find that Newland had been busy on their behalf.  He had secured gratuitous use of the hall at the Albany Female Academy.  Bills were posted.  The concert was advertised in the Evening Journal,  "while twelve prominent business men allowed their names to appear as high complimentary indorsers. . . . "   The Hutchinsons must have been in a state of great excitement over the interest being shown them.

The brothers bought themselves satin vests and silk hats; and they purchased a dress of a Queen Victoria pattern for Abby.  On Sunday, by arrangement of Luke Newland, they sang at various churches; and  "they met with much encouragement from the clergy."   "We took the hint thus furnished,"  observed John,  "and ever after sang in churches wherever opportunity was offered."

The entertainment fell on August 29, 1842  -  Abby's thirteenth birthday.  The hall was completely filled, while hundreds of would-be concert-goers were crowded out.  Afterwards, John was able to boast,  "We were cheered, and every selection sang elicited an encore.  The evening passed swiftly away. . . . "

Jesse Sr., in his letters, asked his children to come home; and homeward they went.  Nathaniel Leavitt acted as their agent, and they gave concerts along the way in Pittsfield, Springfield, and Worcester.

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"I may be a stranger to you,  said Luke F. Newland":   John Wallace Hutchinson, Story of the Hutchinsons (Tribe of Jesse), 2 vols. (Boston: Lee and Shepard, 1896), 1:61.

John's account, written in the 1890s, is the fullest and by far the most dramatic narrative we have of this event.  Cf. Asa B. Hutchinson, August 28, 1842, in Dale Cockrell, ed., Excelsior: Journals of the Hutchinson Family Singers, 1842-1846 (Stuyvesant, NY: Pendragon Press, 1989), 69ff.

By far the most complete treatment  of this pivotal period, from the quartet's 1842  "grand start"  through the 1845-1846 United Kingdom tour, is to be found in Dale Cockrell, ed., Excelsior: Journals of the Hutchinson Family Singers, 1842-1846 (Stuyvesant, NY: Pendragon Press, 1989).  Excelsior remains in print and is available from the publisher and from Amazon.com.  Highly recommended reading.

"Further,   he  gave  them  advice  at  a  time":   John W. Hutchinson (1896, 1:63).

This is what we are told in brief, though it seems likely the full story would be a good deal more complex.  Available information shows that Luke Newland's recommendations were not followed right away.  The Hutchinson brothers' instrumental performances continued in all their eccentric splendor, and the quartet advertised its concerts for a time under both names at once: The Hutchinson Family, the Æolian Vocalists.  Newland's acquaintance with the Hutchinsons was long, and it seems likely he offered some of this advice at later dates.

"[A]n insane woman,  said John,  climbed into our carriage": John W. Hutchinson (1896, 1:59).

"The  concert  was  advertised  in  the  Evening  Journal":   John W. Hutchinson (1896, 1:61).

"On Sunday,  by arrangement of Luke Newland,  they sang":   The Book of Brothers: History of the Hutchinson Family (New York: Hutchinson Family, 1852), 29.

Receiving encouragement from the clergy was an important aspect of Hutchinson Family history.  Touring bands of musicians, in the Hutchinsons' early days, were hardly presumed to be respectable.  The Hutchinsons' constant rapport with the Protestant clergy, wherever they traveled, set them apart from other acts.  From that first-ever Hutchinson Family concert at the Milford Baptist church in 1840 to the evangelical campaigns of Rev. Henry Morgan, which ended circa 1896 and prominently involved John W. Hutchinson's daughter-in-law and his grandsons, the Hutchinsons' image was always that of a deeply religious Christian group.

"We took the hint thus furnished,  observed John":   John W. Hutchinson (1896, 1:61).

"Afterwards,  John was able to boast,  We were cheered":   John W. Hutchinson (1896, 1:63).

John's account,  taken as a whole,  reads as though the group's future hung in the balance,  depending on the success of this one night's performance.


Page 2

On September 13, the Hutchinson Family sang at the Melodeon in Boston at fifty cents a ticket.  They made little money.  Nonetheless, John thought they did well.  "By this favorable début in the most cultured city of America, we felt our efforts were well repaid and we were ready for new conquests."

A review of their entertainment on the 17th suggests that perhaps the audience was small because of a high ticket price.  It reported, with approval, that admission to the next concert would cost only twenty-five cents.  By this time, press notices were becoming more numerous.  And many tell us that the singers were much admired for their selection of song lyrics  -  both for their poetic qualities and moral effect.

The Hutchinsons seem to have attracted a larger audience to their show at the Melodeon on the 20th, and the review in the Boston Transcript noted a crowd-pleasing instrumental trick.  "They sang most delightfully, and were again and again applauded to the echo.  We never heard such an encore as was that which succeeded the first performance of the  Wrecker's Daughter  by the three brothers on two instruments  -  the violin and violoncello."

The singers asked Professor George J. Webb for advice.  Without hesitation, he answered,  "Boys! please yourselves and you will not fail to please the public."

The tour moved from Boston through eastern Massachusetts to Portsmouth, where the Hutchinsons were welcomed as veteran entertainers.  They were guests of United States Senator Levi Woodbury.

In the coming years, Hutchinson Family notices will describe the perfection of the group's vocal harmony; express amusement at their original and topical songs; make sly reference to Judson's colorful, impromptu remarks or lectures between songs; and speak with excitement of long, brisk concert tours and crowded halls.  These factors which characterize the Hutchinson Family quartet, as we remember them, were absent from the early reviews.  Notices from the summer and fall of 1842 often spoke of the Hutchinsons' potential for greatness.  "[W]ith time and practice,"  said the Boston American,  "they will rank among the best of our singers in the performance of solos, glees, &c."

This tour gave the singers a great chance to perfect their group vocals.  By the time they left Boston, their notices showed improvement, gained from long, rigorous practice sessions, day after day, and from experience performing frequently before small but appreciative concert audiences.   "[T]heir voices,"  said one paper,  "attuned to that great degree of perfection, that their melody seems faultless.  Several of their pieces were indeed performed in a style of surpassing excellence."  A notice from the October 11 issue of the Portland Advertiser goes farther.  "The very first strain hushed the audience to an eager silence.  These singers know evidently what they are about, and never forget the first principles of their art.  They know that melody should be imbued with feeling (passion is the word) and that harmony should be smooth, proportioned and blended."

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"By this favorable debut in the most cultured city":   John W. Hutchinson (1896, 1:66).

It is surprising,  as Dale Cockrell (1989, 83) pointed out,  that the journal entries don't make more of this first Boston concert series.

"A  review  of  their  entertainment  on  the  17th":   "The Concert," Boston Daily Bee, September 19, 1842.

"By  this  time,   press  notices  were  becoming":   Dale Cockrell used these plentiful press notices and other early sources in his masterful analysis of the Hutchinson Family quartet's style of performance, the main part appearing in Cockrell (1989, 282-290).

"And many tell us that the singers were much admired":   The Manchester (England) Guardian of November 26, 1845, said the Hutchinsons' repertoire  "has a unity of aim and design, which we seek for in vain in programmes of vastly higher pretensions."  Their lyrics reminded listeners of the lessons of conduct learned in their youth at home and in church  -  the main places where the Hutchinsons learned to sing.

Over the years, many journalists and other contemporary observers spoke of Hutchinson Family performances as teaching moral lessons and, some occasionally added, reform-minded truths.  Judson's daughter Kate said their songs  "went down into the heart and evoked the holiest memories of childhood and home, of kindness, truth and heaven.  Their songs always had a moral tendancy."  See Kate L. Birney, Milford, NH, May 4, 1904, in "Hutchinson Day," Milford (NH) Cabinet, May 12, 1904, p. 1 cols. 2-3, p. 7 cols. 2-3.

"They sang most delightfully,  and were again and again":   "The Æolian Vocalists had a fine audience," Boston Evening Transcript, September 21, 1842, p. 2 col. 3.  Cf. John W. Hutchinson, August 4, 1842, in Cockrell (1989, 43-44).

I recall delighting in the 1960s at the sight, on television, of country music pioneers Maybelle Carter of The Carter Family and Ike Everly teaming up to play a single guitar, one picking while the other fretted.  What the Hutchinson brothers were doing was similar, except it involved three players and two instruments.

Note that the Hutchinson brothers did not immediately drop instrumental pieces from their concert programs, as one might have surmised from John's simplified account of Luke Newland's advice.  Note, too, that the Boston Transcript item refers to the "Æolian Vocalists."

"These factors which characterize the Hutchinson Family":   Certain characteristics of the Hutchinsons' performances were already present, such as modesty of their manner on stage and simplicity of their music.  Nathaniel P. Rogers mentioned another, back in his second notice of the Hutchinson Family.  "They . . . pronounce language well, and as though they understood and felt it."  See "The Hutchinsons Again," Concord, NH, Herald of Freedom, July 15, 1842, p. 3 cols. 3-4.  It is evident that, while they sang, they were ever alert to the meaning of the words they were delivering.

The Hutchinsons' vocals were often described in terms of eloquence.  For George Hogarth's learned description of how their singing enriched the sense of the lyrics, see "The Hutchinson Family," London Daily News, [marked February 16, 1846, but evidently later  -  February 26, 1846?], Asa B. Hutchinson Papers, Microfilm Number 1244, University of Minnesota Library Film Collection.

"[W]ith time and practice,  said the Boston American":   "The Hutchinson Family," Boston American, September 22, 1842.  Cf. "The New-Hampshire 'Rainers'," Concord, NH, Herald of Freedom, June 10, 1842, p. 3 cols. 3-4.

"[T]heir  voices,   said  one  paper,   attuned":   "The Æolian Vocalists," Boston Bay State Democrat, September 19, 1842.  Cf. Boston Daily Bee, September 15, 1842, in Cockrell (1989, 83-84).

Notice that the Bay State Democrat item is titled, "The Æolian Vocalists," and not "The Hutchinson Family."

"The  very  first  strain  hushed  the  audience":   One might wonder whether it was during this tour  -  the grand start  -  that the Hutchinsons adopted the style of vocal arrangement which involved Judson taking the air and Abby singing a higher part.  This technique is admirably described in "The Hutchinson Family," London Daily News, [marked February 16, 1846, but evidently later  -  February 26, 1846?], Asa B. Hutchinson Papers, Microfilm Number 1244, University of Minnesota Library Film Collection.

An essential study of the vocal arrangements used by the Hutchinson Family appears in Cockrell (1989, 369-372).


Page 3

"We boys,"  said John,  "were in the habit, in our rehearsals, of practising for perfect accord and harmony until in sheer exhaustion of brain and nerve we would resort to an extreme expedient for relief.  Each of us would take a separate tune, in different keys, and sing them simultaneously for about [a] half-hour.  By that time we would be sufficiently refreshed to go on with our practising."  Group members, though, did not always agree on the need for more work.  "Judson . . . was usually satisfied when a thing was well done, without seeking for perfection, and when I suggested that we try it once more, would abruptly turn on his heel and leave the room."

After concerts in Maine, Massachusetts, and New Hampshire, the quartet made a final appearance at Nashua and then went home to Milford in triumph around the end of October.  Their career was turning an important corner, and they were planning to tour in a southerly direction.  They were warmly greeted by everyone at the homestead  -  everyone except their mother.  She took hold of Abby as though she would never let go.  "[H]er wonted courtesies were dispensed with toward the sons and her brother Nathaniel,"  as John told it.  "I was more anxious than I have ever been since."  Still,

Our agent, Uncle Nat, was dispatched in advance, for the long autumn evenings, favorable to concerts, were upon us.  Father tried to be reconciled, for he saw the union of our harmonies had resulted in success.  Mother was fearful, and could not consent willingly that Abby should again go away from home  -  she, the youngest of sixteen, the baby, only thirteen years of age!  We were very sorry to entreat her in this way, but could not return to the cities where we had just given such successful entertainments without Abby. . . .

Early in November, the group sang in Amherst and Manchester and then returned to Milford.  On the 8th they went to Nashua, for a successful engagement at Town Hall.  The next morning, they saw a familiar carriage coming down the street.  In it sat Jesse Hutchinson, Sr.  He hitched the horse to a post and asked to speak with his children privately.  "I have come,"  said he,  "to take Abby home with me.  Your mother has not slept all night, and is almost crazy."  The singers' hearts must have sunk.  Finally, a compromise was reached.  The brothers promised, in writing, to bring Abby home in three weeks.  The quartet was able to keep commitments already made, but the projected "southern" tour now seemed highly doubtful.

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"We  boys,   said  John,   were  in  the  habit":   John W. Hutchinson (1896, 1:229, 2:293-294).  For Abby's part in family vocal drills, see Frank Carpenter, New York Home Journal, December 7, 1892, in John W. Hutchinson (1896, 2:270-275).

It is unknown whether the Hutchinsons had gone to such extremes in their practice sessions at this early date; but it appears they were already headed in this direction.

There was a big difference in the personalities of Judson and John, and no one who is familiar with the Hutchinson Family ought to be surprised that it was John who pushed hardest and most often.  But John's observation, though likely true as far as it goes, should not be taken to suggest any lack of commitment or involvement on the part of his brother.  Judson contributed to the success of the Hutchinson Family in nearly every way possible, and he was generally taken by contemporaries to be the leader of the group.  When one considers what a difficult life he led in many ways during his adult years, it is simply amazing how much Judson accomplished.

"Our agent,  Uncle Nat,  was dispatched in advance":   John W. Hutchinson (1896, 1:67).

This passage is of some importance and speaks of a circumstance well worth considering: "for the long autumn evenings, favorable to concerts, were upon us."  The reader may recall that when the Hutchinsons' 1842 "grand start" was floundering, these young, relatively inexperienced singers were trying to give concerts during the summer months, a time of year when a large portion of the laboring population was still on the job well into the evening.

Though Abby was only thirteen years old and she had only started singing in concerts with her brothers earlier this same year, notice how nearly indispensible she had become to the success of the vocal group.

"The next morning,  they saw a familiar carriage coming":   John W. Hutchinson (1896, 1:67-68).  Cf. Book of Brothers (1852, 30); Asa B. Hutchinson, November 26, 1842, in Cockrell (1989, 82).

The issue between the singers and their parents centered on Abby; but we are not told what she thought, though Abby was never shy about expressing her opinion.  We are on safe ground if we surmise that she spoke her mind on this occasion.


Page 4

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When the Hutchinson Family quartet next sang in Lowell, John met a  "winsome and sweet"  young woman named Frances B. Patch, who he called Fanny.  She was a singer in a Lowell choir; and evidently by this time, she had sung with John Braham.

A young lady who had taught school in Milford  [said John]  came to our hotel to call on us, bringing Fanny with her.  They were friends, having lived, one at Antrim and the other at Hillsboro Bridge, near by.  As they came in, Fanny was leading a pretty little child by the hand, and her manner towards the child at once prepossessed me in her favor and she won my heart.

An early source speaks of John surrendering his  "susceptible heart."  Years later he said,  "As I left one evening she stood in the doorway.   I suddenly wrapped my soldier's cape about her and whispered,  'I love you.'"  Speaking mostly for himself, he added,  "With some reluctance we passed next day to Boston, and gave a popular concert in the Melodeon."

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The Hutchinson brothers were known to throw themselves enthusiastically into everything they did.  By the time the group reached Boston, though, it seemed that Judson's fervor was for something other than singing.  On November 16, during the last concert of this series,  "Asa and John noticed a peculiarity in the conduct of Judson.  Whilst performing, something seemed mightily to tickle his fancy, and a roguish smile played over his face."  These memories, though, may have been lost for a time in the excitement, as their new Boston friends swarmed around them to say farewell.

The next morning Judson was nowhere to be found.   A search turned up nothing but a note saying,

"John  -  Asa  -  Abby  -  You go home  -  I'll go to Texas."

Since boyhood, Judson's manner, as well as his style of dress, had been peculiarly his own.  However, his curious behavior occasionally ran well beyond mere eccentricity.  Judson experienced periods of depression; and the thought that he might consider suicide now occurred to his brothers and sister.

The singers settled with Uncle Nat, and he went home.  John and Abby went to Lynn, in hopes that Judson might be with Jesse.  Asa hurried to Milford, arriving at 10 PM.   He knocked on the door; and after a wait that must have seemed much longer than it was, Brother Benjamin let him in.  To the question,  "Do you know where Judson is?",  he answered,  "[H]e is safe, and is gone over to attend the singing school at Bedford."  Actually, Judson went a-courtin'.  In the morning this welcome news was sent to Lynn.

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"A  young  lady  who  had  taught  school  in  Milford":   John W. Hutchinson (1896, 2:149).

John Braham toured North America in the years 1840 to 1842.

My own best guess as that this young school teacher was Harriet Marcy, who resided at the Hutchinson family homestead at the time of the quartet's grand start and who would connect again with John and possibly with Fanny in the 1860s.

"Years  later  he  said,   As  I  left  one  evening":   "Fiction Chronicles No Stranger Tales Than the Love Stories of This Venerable Bard of High Rock," [Boston Sunday American,] n.d., in Item 135r, Ludlow Patton's Hutchinson Family Scrapbook, Wadleigh Memorial Library, Milford, New Hampshire.  See also Book of Brothers (1852, 30).

This was not John's first impulsive display of affection,  nor would it be his last.

"Speaking  mostly  for  himself,   he  added":   John W. Hutchinson (1896, 1:68).

"On  November  16,   during  the  last  concert":   Book of Brothers, (1852, 30-31).

"Since boyhood,  Judson's manner,  as well as his style":   "Judson, of the Hutchinson Family," Amherst, NH, Farmers' Cabinet, February 16, 1859, p. 2 cols. 1-2.

"To the question   Do you know where Judson is?":   Book of Brothers (1852, 31).


Page 5

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The details of what happened next have been obscured a bit through the passage of time.  Boston was in the grip of great excitement over the arrest of George Latimer, allegedly a fugitive slave.  Jesse and John were in the city, probably looking for Judson, when they met a company of forty or fifty men who had an idea to rescue Latimer.  Now, Jesse had joined the antislavery cause after hearing English abolitionist George Thompson speak in the mid-1830s.  So, not surprisingly, he and John fell in.  They marched along Washington Street and continued to Marlboro Chapel where a meeting was going on.   "I still recall,"  said John,  "my impression of the contrast between singing before a popular audience two nights before and the somewhat unpopular mission in which I was now engaged."  Soon a man walked briskly up the aisle and onto the platform, shouting,  "He's free!"

After the Latimer incident and the arrival of news that Judson was safe, John and Abby went home to Milford.  Plans for a trip southward were abandoned because Judson was unwilling to go.

On the last two evenings of November, the Hutchinsons sang in Concord.  Their audiences were small  -  one evening they were at an out-of-the-way hall; and on the other, a major snow storm hit.  But Nathaniel P. Rogers occupied one of the seats.

Perhaps  [ he said ]  I am partial to the Hutchinsons  -  for they are Abolitionists.  -  It need not affright them to have it announced.  It won't.  -  If it would scare away their listeners, it would not scare themselves.  -  But it won't.  Human Nature will go and hearken, and be charmed at their lays. . . .

Frederick Douglass, just before he died, wrote,  "More than fifty years ago they were introduced to the country from the granite hills of New Hampshire, through the columns of The Herald of Freedom, by Nathaniel P. Rogers, one of the most brilliant and gifted writers of that day.  He was an Abolitionist of the Abolitionists, and in thrilling words and at the very top of his sublime enthusiasm in that cause, he hailed with welcome the Hutchinsons, as did all Abolitionists, regarding them as a splendid acquisition to that then unpopular and persecuted cause."  But surely being identified with the often hated antislavery agitation was not without its risks to the group's young career.

Next, the family made plans for a short series of concerts involving all their number  -  even Brother Zephaniah, who would be coming from Illinois.  John served as the advance agent, traveling to Manchester, Nashua, and Lowell to arrange and advertise the entertainments.  Ultimately it was a party of thirteen Hutchinsons that traveled to these engagements in their double-sleigh, accompanied by Fanny B. Patch.  John crowed that the group  "met with grand success in all of the three places."

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"Jesse  and  John  were  in  the  city":   John's account, given from memory decades later, implies a date of Friday, November 18, 1842, while the sequence of events in the Latimer case suggest Thursday, November 17 at the latest.

"Now,   Jesse  had  joined  the  antislavery  cause":   Joshua Hutchinson, A Brief Narrative of the Hutchinson Family (Boston: Lee and Shepard, 1874), 28.

Other evidence for Jesse's early antislavery views includes the names of two of his sons: James Garrison Hutchinson (1838-1842) and Charles Follen Hutchinson (1840-1842), who were called after abolitionists William Lloyd Garrison and Charles Follen respectively.

"I  still  recall,   said  John,   my  impression":   John W. Hutchinson (1896, 1:70-71).

"Perhaps  [ he said ]   I am partial to the Hutchinsons":   "The Hutchinson Singers," Concord, NH, Herald of Freedom, December 9, 1842, p. 3 cols. 1-2.

The passage quoted reads as though the singers did not authorize Rogers to make this announcement.

"Frederick Douglass,  just before he died,  wrote":   Frederick Douglass, "Introduction," in John W. Hutchinson (1896, 1:xv-xviii).

Frederick Douglass' reference to the  "unpopular and persecuted cause"  is far more apt than John's comment about being on a  "somewhat unpopular mission"  in the George Latimer case.

"John crowed that the group met with grand success":   John W. Hutchinson (1896, 1:72-73).


Page 6

On December 23, the Herald of Freedom ran a call  -  signed by Jesse, Susan, and John, among many others  -  for an antislavery meeting in Milford early in the new year.  Some of the Hutchinsons  -  possibly members of the quartet  -  participated, though Jesse is the only one named.  An article in the Herald of Freedom, notable for being so early, called him the  "bard"  of the family.  N. P. Rogers said Jesse's talent at parody is scarcely inferior to the quartet's talent for performing it,  "in the popular and striking music of this day of Advent and Revival."

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Late in January 1843, the Hutchinson Family traveled to Boston, where they participated in the anniversary of the Massachusetts Antislavery Society.  "Boston,"  predicted Nathaniel P. Rogers,  "would stand amazed at their mountain melody.  They are native to music and cannot fail  -  and Jesse is too much of an abolitionist, to lack genius for the occasion, to give them language."

That year the meetings were held at Faneuil Hall.  It was feared that the attendance might look tiny in such a huge building; but, in fact, the hall was crowded much of the time.  N. P. Rogers, having lost none of his enthusiasm, proclaimed,  "The distinguishing incident of the Anniversary was the co-operation of the New-Hampshire Hutchinsons, aided by their brother from Lynn."  He speculated that the group was an attraction that was responsible, at least in part, for the unexpectedly high turnout.

Rogers wrote that those who had heard the Hutchinsons feared their special qualities would be lost in such a cavernous building.  Yet, he reported,  "I never saw such effect on human assemblies as their appeals produced.  -  They made the vast multitudes toss and heave and clamor like 'the roaring ocean.'"

Rogers said the Hutchinsons  "were not there as musicians, in the orchestra.  They were not hired performers.  They were there as Garrison and Boyle were, as Douglass and Remond and Phillips, and the rest of us all.  'To help the Cause along.'  -  And they did help it. . . . [I]t was what they said, as well as how they said it, that sent anti-slavery like electricity to every heart."

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"On December 23,  the Herald of Freedom ran a call":   Milford local historian George A. Ramsdell chacterized the signers of this call as come-outers  -  believers who withdrew from those churches that would not take a strong stand against the evil of human slavery.  See George A. Ramsdell, The History of Milford, Family Registers by William P. Colburn (Concord, NH: Rumford Press, 1901), 108.  See also Jesse's resolution in "Anti-Slavery Convention, Milford," Concord, NH, Herald of Freedom, January 13, 1843, p. 1 cols. 1-2.

"An article in the Herald of Freedom,  notable for being":   "Milford Convention," Concord, NH, Herald of Freedom, January 13, 1843, p. 2 cols. 3-5, p. 3 col. 1.

This seems to be the earliest-known, dated reference to the peculiar talent of Jesse Hutchinson, Jr., to write or adapt song lyrics, on the spur of the moment, that captured both the ideas and the spirit of the occasion.  Apparently Rogers was aware of early songs by Jesse that are unknown to present-day scholars.

"Boston, predicted Nathaniel P. Rogers, would stand amazed":   "Milford Convention," Concord, NH, Herald of Freedom, January 13, 1843.

"Anniversary"  was a common name for an annual meeting or convention.

"The  distinguishing  incident  of  the  Anniversary":   "Massachusetts Annual Meeting," Concord, NH, Herald of Freedom, February 10, 1843, p. 2 cols. 1-4.

"Yet,   he  reported,   I  never  saw  such  effect":   "Massachusetts Annual Meeting," Concord, NH, Herald of Freedom, February 10, 1843, p. 2 cols. 1-4.

"Rogers said the Hutchinsons were not there as musicians":   "Massachusetts Annual Meeting," Concord, NH, Herald of Freedom, February 10, 1843, p. 2 cols. 1-4.


Page 7

An incident one evening sealed Jesse's reputation as a writer of inspired, impromptu song lyrics.  Wendell Phillips, a gifted speaker, was addressing a full house at Faneuil Hall.

Phillips closed his speech  [ said Rogers ]  at the loftiest pitch of his fine genius, and retired from the platform, when the four brothers rushed to his place, and took up the argument where he had left it, on the very heights of poetic declamation, and carried it off heavenward, on one of their boldest flights.  Jesse had framed a series of stanzas on the spot, while P. was speaking, embodying the leading arguments, and enforcing them, as mere oratory cannot, and as music and poetry only can, and they poured them forth with amazing spirit, in one of the maddening Second Advent tunes.  The vast multitude sprung to their feet, as one man, and at the close of the first strain gave vent to their enthusiasm in a thunder of unrestrained cheering.

The  crowd  interrupted  this  song  repeatedly  with  cheers  and  thunderous  applause.

"I wish the whole city  -  and the entire country could have been there  -  even all the people,"  wrote Rogers.  "Slavery would have died of that music,  and that response of the multitude."

An historic resolution was adopted at these meetings.  "Resolved, That the compact which exists between the North and the South is a covenant with death and an agreement with hell  -  involving both parties in atrocious criminality,  and should be immediately annulled."

After this anniversary,  word about the Hutchinsons spread with gale force through much of the Northeast,  particularly among antislavery people.  This created an anticipation,  favorable to the singers,  in places where they had not yet performed.

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On Tuesday, February 21, 1843, at Milford, John W. Hutchinson married Fanny B. Patch.  If he looked a little nervous, it would be easy to understand why.  After all, he was an impulsive man making a commitment for a lifetime.  He said that, following the wedding, he intended  "to continue in the pursuit of agriculture."  His devotion to farming was not meant to last.

"Ten days after we were married,"  John said of Fanny,  "she cried all day long.  Then I learned she had quarrelled with her real lover, and had married me in a fit of pique.  So, though we weren't truly in love, we lived happily enough. . . . "

: :

By the 9th of March, the Hutchinsons were touring through Essex County, Massachusetts, going to antislavery meetings with various speakers.  On one such occasion, with George Latimer, they left Lynn in two sleighs and had an uneventful journey until they reached the Merrimac River.  After crossing, the sleighs started up the far bank.  The first one reached the top; but as the second vehicle was ascending the grade, its horse grew wild and tipped over the sleigh  -  which landed on top of Sister Abby.  Latimer and John rushed to her aid, while Jesse recaptured his horse.  The party gathered together their belongings and continued to the church in Haverhill, where the meeting had just gotten under way.  The audience cheered their entrance; and soon Latimer and the Hutchinsons were seated safely on the platform.

|   ÷   |

"Phillips closed his speech  [said Rogers]  at the loftiest pitch":   "Massachusetts Annual Meeting," Concord, NH, Herald of Freedom, February 10, 1843, p. 2 cols. 1-4.

The tune was  "The Old Church Yard,"  according to John W. Hutchinson (1896, 1:77).

"I  wish  the  whole  city  -  and  the  entire  country":   "Massachusetts Annual Meeting," Concord, NH, Herald of Freedom, February 10, 1843, p. 2 cols. 1-4.

"Resolved,   That  the  compact  which  exists":   The Liberator, Boston, February 3, 1843, in John W. Hutchinson (1896, 1:73-75).

Regarding the idea of peaceful disunion, referred to here, William Lloyd Garrison and his followers were never able to explain to the satisfaction of the American public just how dissolving the union between the North and the South would contribute to the ending of slavery.

"After this anniversary,  word about the Hutchinsons spread":   See Philip D. Jordan, Singin' Yankees (Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1946), 56-57.

"He  said  that,   following  the  wedding,   he  intended":   John W. Hutchinson (1896, 1:72-73).  See also John W. Hutchinson (1896, 2:149).

A fine photo of John W. and Fanny B. Hutchinson appears in Cockrell (1989, 103).

"Ten days after we were married,  John said":   "Fiction Chronicles No Stranger Tales Than the Love Stories of This Venerable Bard of High Rock," [Boston Sunday American,] n.d., in Item 135r, Ludlow Patton's Hutchinson Family Scrapbook, Wadleigh Memorial Library, Milford, New Hampshire.  Cf. Carol Brink, Harps in the Wind: The Story of the Singing Hutchinsons (New York: Macmillan, 1947), 61, 90, 130.

Generally, John was not at all free with information such as this anecdote about Fanny.  So, one might wonder why he told this particular story to a newspaper reporter at this particular time.  When his daughter Viola read it in the paper, as she probably did, she must have been astonished, and not in a happy way.


Page 8

Events that would mold the Hutchinsons' individual views, as well as establish their image with the public, were taking place quite fast.  The singers visited the Brook Farm Institute of Agriculture and Education, in West Roxbury April 3.  "[I]t was the theatre where famous men and women were seeking to demonstrate not only the feasibility but the superiority of the apostolic mode of living, as a community.  Horace Greeley's 'North American Phalanx' became famous and the Florence Community was successful after that at Brook Farm was given up.  But none of these experiments attracted so many of the class of people who were doing, or preparing to do, a great portion of the brain-work of the country for some decades, as Brook Farm."

The brothers may have already made the acquaintance of founder George Ripley, from his days as minister of the Unitarian church on Purchase Street in Boston across from Brother Andrew's store.  Also they had a family connection with one of Brook Farm's neighbors, the Rev. Theodore Parker.  Nancy Leavitt, the youngest daughter of their grandfather, married one of the famed preacher's brothers, Hiram S. Parker.  Other well-known Brook Farmers included journalist Charles A. Dana, classical music critic John S. Dwight, and authors Margaret Fuller and Nathaniel Hawthorne.

"Every heart,"  said John,  "seemed bounding with hope, delightful to the soul; cheerfulness seemed to pervade every individual, man or woman. . . . "   "That occasion was one which lingered long in our memories; for with the delights that inspired us at that time, we seemed to catch a foretaste of a realm in which our spirits could bask and grow."

For a time, the homestead in Milford was operated along communal lines, each member taking part in chores with joy and enthusiasm.  Benjamin and Rhoda must have wondered how long their wandering brothers and sister could maintain such commitment to the day-to-day operations of a farm and household.  No doubt the Hutchinsons, to varying degrees, believed in this way of life  -  in principle.  On the other hand, the apostolic farming community did not compete for long with the life of the touring musician.

|   ÷   |

"[I]t was the theatre where famous men and women":   John W. Hutchinson (1896, 1:80).

"Every heart, said John, seemed bounding with hope":   John W. Hutchinson (1896, 1:84).

"Other  well-known  Brook  Farmers  included":   For a particularly interesting article about Brook Farm, with a noted Hutchinson Family reference, see George P. Bradford, "Reminiscences of Brook Farm," Century Illustrated Monthly Magazine 43/44 (November 1892): 141-148.



Heralds of Freedom

Behold the day of promise comes,  full of inspiration

The blessed day by prophets sung for the healing of the nation

Old midnight errors flee away, they soon will all be gone

While heavenly angels seem to say the good time's coming on

The good time, the good time, the good time's coming on

The good time, the good time, the good time's coming on

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Alan Lewis. Heralds of Freedom: The Hutchinson Family Singers.
Brattleboro, Vermont: Published by the author. 2006.

Copyright © 2006 by Alan Lewis.
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Table of Contents
Massachusetts, MA, Mass.; Minnesota, Minn., MN; New Hampshire, N. H., NH; New Jersey, N.J., NJ. Essex County, Hillsboro County, Hillsborough County, McLeod County. Lynn Massachusetts, Hutchinson Minnesota, Amherst New Hampshire, Milford New Hampshire, Mont Vernon New Hampshire, Orange New Jersey, City of New York City. Cellist, cello, fiddle, fiddler, melodeon player, violin, violinist, violoncello. Baptist, Christian Science, Christian Scientist, Congregational, Congregationalist, Methodist, Unitarian Universalist. The Book of Brothers, Carol Brink Harps in the Wind: The Story of the Singing Hutchinsons, Carol Ryrie Brink, Carol R Brink, Dale Cockrell Excelsior: Journals of the Hutchinson Family Singers 1842-1846, John Wallace Hutchinson "Story of the Hutchinsons (Tribe of Jesse)", "Story of the Hutchinsons", Joshua Hutchinson A Brief Narrative of the Hutchinson Family, Philip Jordan, Philip Dillon Jordan, Philip D Jordan Singin Yankees, Phil Jordan, Ludlow Patton The Hutchinson Family Scrapbook. Index: Singing Yankees. 1860, 1870, 1880, 1900, 1910, 1920, 1930. Birth, born, death, died, divorce, divorced, maiden, marriage, married, single, unmarried. Ancestry, www.ancestry.com, the Boston Globe, family history, genealogy. Abolition, abolitionism, abolitionist, anniversary, anti-slavery, antislavery, audience, band, biography, chorus, church, the Civil War, company, compose, composer, composition, concert, convention, entertain, entertainment, folk music, folk songs, folksongs, group, harmony, High Rock in Lynn, Hutchison, instrument, instrumental, lyricist, lyrics, meeting, musician, N E, NE, NEMS, New England Music Scrapbook, Northeast, Northeastern, the Old Granite State, practice, profile, program, quartet, rehearsal, rehearse, religious left, repertoire, research, the Revels' Circle of Song, show, singer, social reform, social reformer, song writer, songwriter, stage, equal suffrage, suffragette, equal suffragist, impartial suffrage, impartial suffragist, temperance, tour, the Tribe of Jesse, trio, troupe, verse, vocal, vocalist, woman's rights, women's rights, words. Abby Hutchinson, Abby J Hutchinson, Andrew Hutchinson, Andrew B Hutchinson, Asa Hutchinson, Asa Burnham Hutchinson, Asa B Hutchinson, Benjamin Hutchinson, Benjamin Pierce Hutchinson, Benjamin P Hutchinson, Caleb Hutchinson, David Hutchinson, Jesse Hutchinson Jr, Jesse Hutchinson Junior, Jesse Hutchinson Jun, Jesse Hutchinson Sr, Jesse Hutchinson Senior, Jesse Hutchinson Sen, John Hutchinson, John Wallace Hutchinson, John W Hutchinson, Joshua Hutchinson, Judson Hutchinson, Adoniram Judson Joseph Hutchinson, Judson J Hutchinson, J J Hutchinson, Mary Hutchinson, Mary Leavitt Hutchinson, Mary L Hutchinson, Noah Hutchinson, Noah Bartlett Hutchinson, Noah B Hutchinson, Rhoda Hutchinson, Sarah Rhoda Jane Hutchinson, Rhoda J Hutchinson, Zephaniah Hutchinson, Zephaniah Kittredge Hutchinson, Zephaniah K Hutchinson, Z K Hutchinson. Charles Dana, Charles Anderson Dana, Charles A Dana, John Dwight, John Sullivan Dwight, John S Dwight, Josiah Fuller, Margaret Fuller, Margaret Augusta Mills Fuller, Margaret Augusta Fuller, Margaret A Fuller, Margaret Mills Fuller, Margaret M Fuller, Susan Hartshorn, Susan W. Hartshorn, Hillsborough Bridge, Honolulu Hawaii, Susan Hutchinson, Susan W. Hartshorn Hutchinson, Susan Hartshorn Hutchinson, Susan H. Hutchinson, Susan W. Hutchinson, Margaret Mills, Margaret Augusta Mills, Margaret A Mills, Nathaniel Rogers, Nathaniel Peabody Rogers, Nathaniel P Rogers, N P Rogers, Eben Whitcomb, Harriet Whitcomb, Harriet Marcey Whitcomb, Harriet Marcy Whitcomb, Harriet M Whitcomb. Heralds of Freedom: The Hutchinson Family Singers: Chapter 2: Part 1: With a Band of Music 1842-1843