Dafydd ap Gwilym

 

Dafydd ap Gwilym was a near contemporary of Geoffrey Chaucer, having been born about 1320 (making him slightly older). Although his birthplace was near Aberystwyth, and this was the area he was most familiar with, he appears to have travelled throughout the country, especially parts of Anglesey, Bangor & Caernarfon. He also possibly visited Chester in England! Dafydd ap Gwilym introduced innovations into the subject matter and metrical techniques and language of poetry, giving Welsh poetic art a new dimension. He accomplished a daring and original synthesis by integrating into the established bardic tradition elements emanating from the contemporary European cult of 'courtly love', thus drawing Welsh poetry, if briefly, into the mainstream of European literature. He is without doubt one of the great poets of the Middle Ages.
summarised from"Dafydd ap Gwilym Poems", Rachel Bromwich
 

Mis Mai a Mis Ionawr (May & January)

Hawddamor, glwysgor glasgoed, 
Fis Mai haf, canys mau hoed. 
Cadarn farchog serchog sâl, 
Cadwynwyrdd feistr coed anial; 
Cyfaill cariad ac adar, 
Cof y serchogion a'u câr; 
Cennad nawugain cynnadl, 
Caredig urddedig ddadl. 
A mawr fydd, myn Mair, ei fod, 
Mai, fis difai, yn dyfod, 
A'i fryd, arddelw frwd urddas, 
Ar oresgyn pob glyn glas.
Greetings, splendid greenwood choir, 
Summer's May month--since for that I long-- 
strong horseman, lover's recompense, 
with a green fetter mastering the wild forest, 
the friend of love and friend of birds; 
lovers are mindful of him, their kinsman he is, 
ambassador for nine score lovers' trysts 
for honourable, loving dialogue. 
By Mary, it is a delightful thing 
that May, the perfect month, is on the way, 
intent--in ardent affirmation of his rank-- 
upon the conquest of each verdant glen.
 
Gwasgod praff, gwisgiad priffyrd, 
Gwisgodd bob lle â'i we wyrdd. 
Pan ddęl ar ôl rhyfel rhew, 
Pill doldir, y pall deildew-- 
Gleision fydd, mau grefydd grill, 
Llwybrau Mai yn lle Ebrill-- 
Y daw ar uchaf blaen dâr 
Caniadau cywion adar; 
A chog ar fan pob rhandir, 
A chethlydd, a hoywddydd hir; 
A niwl gwyn yn ôl y gwynt 
Yn diffryd canol dyffrynt; 
Ac wybren loyw hoyw brynhawn 
Fydd, a glwyswydd a glaswawn; 
Ac adar aml ar goedydd, 
Ac irddail ar wiail wdd; 
A chof fydd Forfudd f'eurferch, 
A chyffro saith nawtro serch.
In a dense screen, the clothing of the high-roads, 
he has dressed all the places in his web of green. 
When there comes, after a battle with the frost' 
the tent of thick leaves to invigorate the fields' 
green will be the paths of May 
succeeding April (birds' chirping is my faith); 
on topmost branches of the oak will come 
the singing of the new-fledged birds, 
and the cuckoo high over each land, 
and a songster; with a long and joyful day, 
and white mist-haze after the wind 
protects the middle of the valley, 
and the sky at afternoon is clear and glad 
with green trees and fresh gossamer, 
and crowds of birds upon the trees, 
and fresh leaves on forest saplings, 
and Morfudd my golden girl, will come to [my] mind 
with all love's seven-times-nine tumultuous turns.
 
Annhebyg i'r mis dig du 
A gerydd i bawb garu; 
A bair trislaw a byrddydd, 
A gwynt i ysbeilio gwdd; 
A llesgedd, breuoledd braw, 
A llaesglog a chenllysglaw, 
Ac annog llanw ac annwyd, 
Ac mewn naint llifeiriant llwyd, 
A llawn sôn mewn afonydd, 
A llidio a digio dydd, 
Ac wybren drymled ledoer, 
A'i lliw yn gorchuddio'r lloer. 
Dęl iddo, rhyw addo rhwydd, 
Deuddrwg am ei wladeiddrwydd.
All unlike to the sad black month 
which rebukes everyone for loving, 
and brings short days and depressing rain, 
and wind that will despoil the trees, 
and weakness--terrifying frailty-- 
a trailing cloak with rain and hail, 
incitement to high tides, and colds, 
grey flooding water-courses down the valleys, 
rivers in spate with raucous noise, 
and day-time sad and wearisome, 
skies overcast, sombre and chill, 
their hue hiding from us the moon. 
Let there come to him--threat that's easy to predict-- 
evil two-fold for his boorishness!
 
 
 

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