Exodus

Copyright © 2003 Gene Brooks. All Rights Reserved.  HOME 
Powerpoint for this teaching here.
Page created October 3, 2003. Updated March 29, 2008

"Jesus Christ our Redeemer, our Passover Lamb"

Author: Moses (means "drawn forth," "taken from water")

Moses, who wrote the first five books of the Bible, called the Torah or Pentateuch, is specifically mentioned as author of Exodus in Exodus 17:14; 24:3-4; 34:27). Other Old and New Testament writers attest to Moses' authorship (Malachi 4:4; John 1:45; Romans 10:5). Jesus himself recognizes Mosaic authorship of the Torah (Mark 7:10; 12:26; Luke 20:37; John 5:46-47; 7:19-23).

Moses (March 6, 1543 BC - March 6, 1423 BC) was the youngest son of Hebrew slaves Amram (c.1625 - 1488 BC) and Jochebed (born 1591 BC ), of the family of Kohath (Exodus 2:1-4, 10-21; Acts 7:20-38; Hebrews 11:24-25). Amram was Levi's grandson (Numbers 26:58); Jochebed was Amram's aunt, sister of Kohath (Numbers 26:59; Exodus 6:20).

Born in Egypt after a royal decree of partial birth abortion against all male babies, Moses was rescued from the Nile River (as sacrifice to gods of Nile (Sothis) and the crocodile god (Sobek)) by none other than the bathing daughter of Pharaoh. As an adopted Egyptian prince, Moses was given the best university training in the world (Acts 7:22). Moses became an historian, orator, leader, statesman, legislator, and patriot. The most important thing on his resume, though, was "friend of God" (Exodus 33:11).

The Egyptian Prince Moses fled Egypt at age 40 after murdering an Egyptian taskmaster for beating Moses' fellow Israelite. Moses went to Midian and took a job working for Jethro, a Midianite priest, as a shepherd, the occupation of Israelites. Sheep herding was considered the lowest of occupations among the affluent and royal Egyptians, but Moses embraced it as a return to his cultural roots (Hebrews 11:24-25). Moses had a multi-cultural family, a Midianite wife named Zipporah and two multi-cultural sons. He remained in Midian until his call from the Burning Bush at age eighty. By this time the long reign of Thutmose III was over, and a young, arrogant Amenhotep II had come to power with whom he would have to deal in "letting my people go" (Exodus 5:1).

Moses spent a lot of time learning to control his temper (Exodus 2:11-13; 11:8; 32:19-20; Numbers 20:10-11). The coddling of his royal upbringing probably contributed to his shortened temper, but it took forty years on the backside of the Midian desert herding sheep to prepare him to shepherd God's chosen people Israel. He was not even prepared to begin God's work until age 80 when miracles and national leadership became part of his everyday experience. At age 120, after delivering the awesome sermons of Deuteronomy and still in great health, Moses was kissed to sleep and God buried him, the only man to have God as his undertaker (Deuteronomy 34:6-7).

Location & Date: Written probably between (c. 1462-1422 BC)

Moses probably wrote Exodus and the rest of the Torah during Israel's forty years of wandering in the desert. Exodus is the sequel to Genesis. It is difficult to be dogmatic about the chronology of the patriarchal period. We will make an attempt that probably could be criticized by someone, but an attempt nonetheless. The Exodus occurred 144 years after Genesis 50 when Joseph died (1606 BC). Exodus 12:40-41 mentions a 430 year sojourn. This sojourn began with the beginning of Abraham's time in Canaan (1892 BC) to the Exodus (1462 BC). Israel had grown from 70 persons to a nation of two to three million, beginning the fulfillment of God's promise to Abraham: "I will make of thee a great nation" (Genesis 12:2). By 1580 BC, with the rise of a new Egyptian dynasty, Egyptian oppression began for Israel, but hard oppression, difficult slavery, and genocide of male babies began 1542 BC, about the time Moses was born.

Key Message/Verse: EXODUS 20:2

1- BIRTH OF THE NATION OF ISRAEL - Genesis is a family history. Exodus is a national history. Exodus means "way out." Exodus begins with a conjunction translated "Now" but more accurately should be "And." It picks up where Genesis left off. Genesis is about the failure of human beings. Exodus is about the redemption of human beings. Exodus begins in gloom and ends in glory, starts in ruin and ends in redemption.

Birth of Israel as a nation, its "way out" Exodus is the birth canal of Israel. Midwives story at beginning is foreshadowing of birth of Israel.

• Moses was born, then passed through the water of the Nile River.
• Israel was born, then passed through the water of the Red Sea.
• Jesus was born, then passed through the water of the River Jordan.

2- REDEMPTION IN THE PASSOVER - Pivotal Point in Exodus (Chapter 12)

Genesis 12: Abrahamic Covenant - Exodus 12: Passover

Redemption of Israel - BY BLOOD AND BY POWER Hebrews 11:23-29

• The clearest picture of our individual salvation in the Old Testament (1 Corinthians 5:7).

Death of a Spotless Lamb - Exodus 12:3; Hebrews 9:28; Isaiah 53:6-7; John 19:14; 1 Corinthians 5:7

• It is not a spotless Lamb (or Jesus' sinless life) that saves, but the sacrificial death of that Lamb

Sprinkle the Blood - Exodus 12:13, 22; John 1:12; Hebrews 9:22; Revelation 5:5-6

• All the blood of Calvary's cross will not save a single soul unless it is applied to that soul's heart
• Hyssop - common weed available to everyone, like faith: Psalm 51:7; John 19:29)
• Not one's opinion about or familiarity with the Blood, but only the application of the Blood that counts

Eat the Lamb - Exodus 12:3

• Fire - Exodus 12:9
• In Family Covenant - Exodus 12:3
• First the blood, then the nourishment of salvation: fellowship, worship, word, service - John 6:54-58
• No broken bones - Exodus 12:9; Psalm 34:20; John 19:36

Remove Leaven - Exodus 12:8, 15, 19; Psalm 139:23-24; Matthew 16:6; 1 Corinthians 5:7

• Leaven often used as metaphor for sin.

Bitter Herbs - Exodus 12:8;; Isaiah 53:5,10

• Symbol of bitterness of slavery to sin
• Christ tasted bitterness for us, and we must face some bitterness, too. Hebrews 12:11

Ready to Leave - Exodus 12:11; 13:8.

• Packed, eating while standing, fully dressed, ready to go
• Apostolic ("sent out") Missionary heart: Matthew 28:18-20

3- SPIRITUAL WARFARE

Plagues - Exodus 7-11; each a defeat of another Egyptian principality Exodus 12:12

• March 8 - April 15, 1463/2 BC - Ten Plagues

Passover - Prophetic Act; Defeat of Egypt's highest principality, Osiris, the god of the Dead, a demonic spirit of death.

• Same night, Egyptians put pigs' blood on their doorposts in sacrifice to Osiris to prevent untimely deaths in the coming year.
• Could YHWH in a spiritual warfare power encounter have forced Osiris to break his wicked covenant and help fulfill YHWH's to His chosen people? Exodus 11:4-6

4- DEATH, BURIAL, RESURRECTION (DBR)

Midwives (Exodus 1:15-22); Moses - "draw out" (Exodus 2:10); Red Sea "Yam Suph" Sea of Reeds (Exodus 14); Holiness, Sanctification (Psalm 144; Revelation 12)

GOLDEN CALF (APIS BULL) False DBR

• Connection with Osiris, the Egyptian god of the Dead (Exodus 32-34; Jeremiah 46:15; 1 Kings 12:25)
• Connected with fertility; run them to fertilize the fields (Running of the bulls, Spain)
• Queens associated with Apis
• Oracle god; power of creative word to bring life/food
• Ritual False Death, Rebirth, Resurrection, rise through degrees

5- THE TEN COMMANDMENTS LAW

Exodus 20:1-17 : God's mirror reveals but doesn't cleanse.

Although given over 3000 years ago, they are still relevant today. The Ten Commandments (or Decalogue) are divided into two sections. The first four govern our relationship with God. The final six handle our relationships with other people. Jesus referred to this in His declaration of the sum of the Law: Matthew 22:36-40. Jesus fully endorsed the ten commandments (Matthew 5:17). Below are the Ten Commandments and Jesus' similar statements.

1- Trust God only (Exodus 20:3-4; Matthew 4:10).

2- Worship God only (Exodus 20:5-6; Luke 16:13).

3- Use God's name in ways that honor Him (Exodus 20:7; Matthew 5:34).

4- Rest on the Sabbath day and think about God (Exodus 20:8-11; Mark 2:27-28).

5- Respect and obey your parents and heritage (Exodus 20:12; Matthew 10:37).

6- Protect and respect human life (Exodus 20:13; Matthew 5:22).

7- Be true to your husband or wife (Exodus 20:14; Matthew 5:28).

8- Do not take what belongs to others (Exodus 20:15; Matthew 5:40).

9- Do not lie about others (Exodus 20:16; Matthew 12:36).

10- Be satisfied with what you have (Exodus 20:17; Luke 12:15).

The Code of Hammurabi, an ancient Babylonian law code, is similar to the Ten Commandments. The Hebrew Law, however, shows a high view of God: His person, His holiness, and His requirements of His people

6- TABERNACLE: Exodus 25:8; 40:38

A portable worship center made essentially as a tented dwelling for YHWH. The Tabernacle served Israel for nearly five centuries until Solomon built the first Temple.

Outer Court Here is found the

• Brazen Altar where burnt offerings were made - Exodus 27:1-8 (Christ is our sin offering). Also the
• Laver - Exodus 30:18 for cleansing of the priests in order to render holy service in the Tabernacle.

Holy Place Here was located the

• Golden Lampstand - Exodus 25:31-40 symbolizing Christ, the Light of World.

• Bread of Presence - Exodus 25:23-30 symbolizing Christ, the Bread of Life.
• Golden Altar of Incense - Exodus 30:1-10 for Christ our Intercessor and His continual intercession for us.

Holy of Holies

• Veil - typifying the Body of Christ (must goo through veil to find the presence of God)
• Ark of Covenant - symbolizing the Manifest Presence of God

1. MOSES THE DELIVERER - EXODUS 1-11

(Moses a type of Christ our Deliverer)

1. Slavery in Egypt - Exodus 1
2. Moses birth to 40 in the Palace - Exodus 2
3. Call of Moses in Midian (age 40-80) - Exodus 3
4. Moses' Announces Deliverance in Egypt - Exodus 4
5. Spiritual War with demonic "gods" of Egypt - Exodus 5-11



1. DELIVERANCE FROM EGYPT - EXODUS 12-14

(Passover a picture of Chris our Redeemer who delivers us by His Blood and Power)

1. Passover - Exodus 12, Tenth Plague, death of first born (Deliverance by Blood)
2. Crossing of Red Sea - Exodus 13-14, Destruction of Egyptian Army (Deliverance by Power)



1. EGYPT TO MOUNT SINAI - EXODUS 16-18

(Seven experiences of Christian life -- Seven the number of completion)

1. Song of Moses - Song of the Redeemed Exodus 15 (Interlude, Transition - - Joy of Salvation)
2. Marah - Bitter waters sweetened by the tree, Exodus 15:23-26 (Cross sweetens bitter experiences of life)
3. Elim - Oasis, Exodus 15:27 (Fruitful Christian life)
4. Wilderness of Sin - Manna & Quail, Exodus 16 (Christ the Bread of Life & His Meat (Word) a delicacy)
5. Smitten Rock - Thirst of Israel, Exodus 17:1-7 ("that Rock was Christ"1 Corinthians 10:4; Water of Life John 4:14; 7:38; Revelation 21:6)
6. Amalekites Defeated - Intercession of Moses, Aaron, Hur, Exodus 17:8-16 (Power of Prayer)
7. Jethro, Priest of Midian - Moses' overwhelming administration, Exodus 18 (world's wisdom vs. revelation)

1. OLD COVENANT LAW REVEALED - EXODUS 19-24

Key: Exodus 19:5-6; 20; Hebrews 12:18-24

1. Israel's Preparation for Law - Exodus 19
2. The Ten Commandments - Exodus 20
3. Social Responsibilities of the Law - Exodus 21-23
4. Covenant Confirmed, Ratified - Exodus 24

1. THE TABERNACLE - EXODUS 25-40

Key: Exodus 25:8; 40:38 ; Moses on Mount Sinai during this time (Exodus 24:12-18)

1. Tabernacle Contributions, Layout, Furniture - Exodus 25-27
2. Preparation, Consecration of Priests - Exodus 28-29
3. Tabernacle Layout Revisited - Exodus 30-31
4. Golden Calf - Exodus 32:1-6, False Tabernacle/ Covenant Rejected Rebellion (Unbelief) Exodus 5:1-21; 6:12; 14:10-14; 15:22-27; 16; 17:1-7; 32; Numbers 14:22; Hebrews 4
5. Moses' Intercession for Israel - Exodus 32:7 - 33:23
6. God Renews Covenant with Israel - Exodus 34
7. Construction of Tabernacle - Exodus 35 - 39 (Key: Exodus 39:42-43)
8. Dedication of Tabernacle - Exodus 40 (Key: Exodus 40:35)

Sources: Herbert Lockyer, All the Men of the Bible; J. Vernon McGee, Briefing the Bible; Henrietta Mears, What the Bible is All About; Nelson's Complete Book of Bible Maps & Charts; The Reese Chronological Bible; Larry Richards, The Bible Readers Companion; Tyndale Handbook of Bible Charts and Maps; GRAPHICS: Feti, Moses Before the Burning Bush: http://gallery.euroweb.hu/art/f/feti/moses.jpg

CHRONOLOGICALLY SPEAKING (dates taken from Reese Chronological Bible)

1862 BC Beginning of 400 year of Genesis 15:13; Acts 7:6 - Hagar/Ishmael cast out, Covenant at Beersheba (Genesis 21

1677 BC Beginning of Israel's Sojourn in Egypt - 215 years (Genesis 46)

1606 BC Joseph dies (Genesis 50; Exodus 1:6)

1580 BC Bondage, oppression begins

c. 1548 BC Miriam born

August 1, 1546 BC Aaron born (Exodus 7:7)

1542 BC Hard bondage, genocide of boys begins - to last 80 years until Moses returns to Egypt (Deuteronomy 26:6; Acts 7:6-37)

March 6, 1542 BC Moses born, hidden March to June

June 1542 BC Moses found by Egyptian royalty

1502 BC Moses slays Egyptian, runs to Midian, marries Zipporah

1488 BC Amram dies

1463 BC Burning Bush

March 6, 1463 BC Confronts Pharaoh first time

March 7, 1463 BC Rods turn to serpents

March 8 - April 15, 1463/2 BC Ten Plagues (remember Israel's year is April to March, not January to December)

Friday, April 15, 1462 BC First Passover (note day of week & Good Friday)

Sunday, April 17, 1462 BC Crossing of Red Sea (note day of week & Resurrection)

May 15, 1462 BC Manna, Quail Provided (Exodus 16:1-21)

May 24, 1462 BC Water from Rock Horeb (Exodus 17:2-7)

May 26-30, 1462 BC Jethro's Visit to Moses (Exodus 18)

June 15, 1462 BC Arrive at Mount Sinai (Exodus 19:1-2); Ten Commandments, Tabernacle instructions (Exodus 20 - 31)

July 16-17, 1462 BC Golden Calf (Exodus 32)

August 30 - March 1462 BC Tabernacle built (Exodus 34-39)

April 1-7, 1461 BC Tabernacle completed, dedicated (Exodus 40; Numbers 8, 7

April 8, 1461 BC Service of Priest begins (Numbers 8, much of Leviticus)

Thursday April 14, 1461 BC First Passover Celebration (Numbers 9)

May 1, 1461 BC Census of the Men (603,550) (Numbers 1)

May 20 - June 29 , 1461 BC From Mount Sinai to Kadesh-Barnea

August 8, 1461 BC Spies Return (Numbers 13)

August 9, 1461 - August 14, 1422 BC Wandering in Wilderness (Numbers 14ff)

August 1, 1423 BC Aaron Dies at age 123; national mourning until August 30 (Numbers 20:23-29; 33:38-39; Deuteronomy 10:6-7

September 1423 BC Serpent of Brass (Numbers 21:5-9)

February 1 - March 5, 1423 BC Review of Jewish Law, History (Deuteronomy)

March 6, 1423 BC Moses dies on 120^th birthday.

April 10, 1422 BC Crossing of Jordan